Retributar

See that map of the English Channel Edwin P., ... that's why since i posted my 1st comment or two...i was ranting about having a larger map...since it appear's to me that there is not enough manuevering space. If you have a pair of Dolly-Parton Artillery Pieces on your chest ... you can't get by through that choke-point in the channel,...this is a classic example of too-small-a-map!.

http://www.uboat-bases.com/ U-BOAT BASES : All you want to know about the U-boat bases of the second world war in France, including some photos, maps, descriptions and history for each base. Welcome and thank you to have choosen this web site about the U-boat bases of the Second World War in France : Brest, Lorient, St-Nazaire, La Pallice and Bordeaux. U-BOOTE : In complement with the files concerning the U-boat bases, here a small summary on the various types of U-boats engaged in the Atlantic Battle. The types presented are types II, VII, IX as well as type XXI. Type II: http://www.uboat-bases.com/ang/pagesfr.php?bsm=6&article=22 Type VII: http://www.uboat-bases.com/ang/pagesfr.php?bsm=6&article=23 Type IX: http://www.uboat-bases.com/ang/pagesfr.php?bsm=6&article=24 Type XXI: http://www.uboat-bases.com/ang/pagesfr.php?bsm=6&article=25

http://members.aol.com/xbutchx/ TANK WARFARE IN WORLD WAR II : Professor Tom Heed Table of Contents: Section 1: Introduction Section 2: The Nations Involved Section 3: Germany Section 4: Soviet Union Section 5: United States Section 6: Who Had it Right, and Why? Section 7: Conclusion Section 3: Germany The first country that will be looked at is Germany. Many image the huge Tiger tanks roaring into Poland and France in a massive Blitzkerg offensive, however this is not correct. For the majority of the war Germany used very small tanks, and not in very large numbers at all. For the first half of the war the largest tank they had was the 25,000kg Panzer IV medium tank. It was not until the Panther tank showed up in 1943 did the Germans actually have a tank that could take on the Soviet T-34. The Germans produced three of the best combat tanks of the war. These were the Panther tank, the Tiger tank, and the King Tiger tank. All three were feared in combat, the general ratio was it took four Sherman tanks to defeat a single Tiger tank in combat. The key phrase in this statement is “combat tank”. They were great combat tanks, mounting heavy guns, with heavy armor. The problem was they were very unreliable and prone to breakdown. They were also incredibly hard to repair. Another major problem was they could not produce these tanks in efficient numbers, that coupled with the fact that they did not even make up the majority of tanks that the German’s fielded. The majority of tanks used by the Germans were the less effective PzKpfw I,II,III,IV’s. These tanks made up 21,224 of the total German tanks produced during the war. This left 6,648 of the more effective Tiger and Panther tanks. That is over a 3 to 1 margin (see figure 1)2. Tank Quanity: PzKpfw I about 3000 PzKpfw II about 3580 PzKpfw III 5644 PzKpfw IV 9000 PzKpfw V "Panther" 4814 PzKpfw VI "Tiger" 1350 "King Tiger" 484 Total 27,872 Section 4: The Soviet Union The Soviets mounted what quite possibly could have been the best tank arm of World War II. They had very effective tank designs in the T-34, BT-7, KV-1, and the later IS-2 tanks3. Not only that, but they were able to produce these tanks, especially the T-34 in large amounts. The T-34 was a very effective tank combining speed, armor, firepower, and a wide track tread which aided in crossing muddy terrain. Also the T-34 was available even before the start of Operation Barbarossa. If such a great tank was available so early, then why did the Soviets take major losses too the less powerful German Panzers of the day? This is where the major downfall of the Soviet Tank arm came into play. In the early part of the war the Soviet command structure was in complete shambles, and that is what caused the heavy losses. Another problem was that throughout the war the major problem with the Soviet tanks was lack of radio communication. The majority of the time the tanks were just fighting what they could see and nothing else. This led to heavy losses that need not have occurred. If it weren’t for the superior tank design and the ability to produce them in large quantities, the Soviets would have had a much more difficult time. Section 5: The United States The United States is a much different story then the other two nations we have looked at so far. They are probably the only nation who really grasped how to operate tank warfare effectively. They pretty much had to, because their tanks were no way near as impressive as the German and Soviet tanks. Though the United States used a variety of tanks including the M-24 Chaffee light tank and the M3 Grant, the majority of their tank arm consisted of the M4 Sherman and all of its variants. The Sherman tank was the mainstay of the U.S. tank forces. It was a quick, lightly armored tank mounting a 75mm gun, though later this would be changed to a 76mm high-velocity gun4. What the Sherman lacked in combat ability it made up for in reliability, ease of maintenance, and the ability to produce them in vast quantities. All told 48,327 Sherman’s of all variation were produced during the war5. That number is slightly less then double the total number of German tanks produced during World War II. The United States was also at the forefront of tank tactics. Every tank in the U.S. armed services was equipped with a radio. This way they could be constantly apprised of the situation as it developed and a constant stream of orders could flow from the tanks to command. This also aided in tank to air communications, which was probably the greatest innovation in tank tactics. Each column of tanks actually had a pilot in the front tank, with direct communications to planes flying over-head. This way the pilot could tell the planes what and where to hit. This also supplied forward reconnaissance for the tanks. Section 6: Who Had it Right, and Why? So which of the three nations had it right? Germany can be ruled out right off the bat, simply because of the fact that they lost. But, more specifically the Germans had the problem of making things way to complex. It was more like the Germans were attempting to build works of art then practical tanks. This led to very slow production times and it also led to difficulty in repairing the tanks in the field. Tactics could not offset the complete inability of the Germans to get sufficient amounts of operational tanks in the field to face the Americans and the Soviets (see figure 2)6. Year/Germany/USSR/USA 1939 249 -- -- 1940 1460 2794 331 1941 3256 6590 4052 1942 4278 24,668 24,997 1943 5966 20,000 29,497 1944 9167 29,000 17,565 Total 24,370 56,952 76,442 (Figure 2: Chart Showing Tank Production6) The Soviets did produce a large amount of quality tanks. The problem is the use of these tanks was completely ineffective compared to the Americans and the Germans. Only the lead tanks carried radios, and the tanks in most cases completely lacked any ground to air communications. Not only that but the Soviet command structure constantly hurt their performance. The Soviets also decided to go more with artillery then with tanks. The United States of the three countries definitely had the right idea. Granted they did not really possess a tank that was capable of taking on the later German tanks, but that was not a problem that mass production and tactics could not cure. The effective use of air power and communications would always give the United States an advantage. It did take about four Sherman tanks to take out one Tiger tank, but that did not matter because the majority of the time the air force dealt with the Tiger tank before hand and if they did not the Shermans almost always outnumbered the Tiger tank anyway. As can be seen in figure 2, the United States outpaced all other nations in tank production, and they actually supplied the allies with a large amount of tanks. Section 7: Conclusion As can be seen in the preceding paragraphs, the real key to this effective tank warfare lay not in the specifications, the mere mechanics of the vehicles themselves -- it was instead the rapid, mass-production of these machines of war, as well as research and development into how to effectively mobilize them on the battlefield. In fact, of particular note is the master design and sheer firepower found in the tanks produced by Germany -- but it all meant virtually nothing in the face of the hordes of American and Soviet tanks they were to square off against. When a superior German tank fell to the better tactics of the American tanks, it was exponentially harder to replace that expensive piece of hardware -- on the other side of the battlefield, it was much easier for the Allied forces to send in another cheaper tank to fill a void left by one vanquished by the German firepower. [ December 13, 2004, 02:26 PM: Message edited by: Retributar ]

http://www-cgsc.army.mil/carl/resources/csi/Wray/wray.asp#ted COMBINED ARMS RESEARCH LIBRARY Standing Fast: German Defensive Doctrine on the Russian Front During World War II by Major Timothy A. Wray CONTENTS: Illustrations Introduction Chapter 1. The Origins of German Defensive Doctrine Elastic Defense: Legacy of the Great War The Final Collapse: Unanswered Questions German Defensive Doctrine in the Interwar Years. Antitank Defense Defensive Use of German Tanks Early Trials: Poland and France Overview: German Doctrine on the Eve of Barbarossa Chapter 2. Barbarossa--The German Initiative The Defensive Aspects of Blitzkrieg German Strategy Reconsidered Defense by Army Group Center, July-September 1941 Prelude to Winter Chapter 3. Winter Battles, 1941-42 Standing Fast Strongpoint Defense: Origins Strongpoint Defense: Conduct The Winter Campaign: Overview and Analysis German Doctrinal Assessments Chapter 4. New Victories, New Defeats Problems on the Defensive Front The Führer Defense Order of 8 September 1942 Bolstering Combat Manpower Winter Battles on the Defensive Front The Offensive Front German Doctrinal Assessments Chapter 5. Observations and Conclusions Notes Bibliography ILLUSTRATIONS Figures 1. The Elastic Defense, 1917-18 2. Defense in stabilized and open situations, 1921 3. German Elastic Defense, 1933 4. German antitank concept 5. German Keil und Kessel tactics, 1941 6. Extended strongpoint 7. German squad fighting positions and living bunker 8. German strongpoint defense tactics, winter 1941-42 Maps 1. Operation Barbarossa German offensive operations, 22 June-25 August 1941 2. Soviet counteroffensive against open flank of Army Group North and counterattack by Manstein's panzer corps, 12-22 August 1941 3. Situation and revised German strategy, 22 August 1941 (Army Group Center defends in place while flank offensives proceed) 4. Soviet attacks on Army Group Center, August-September 1941 5. Soviet winter counteroffensives, December 1941-March 1942 6. Soviet attacks against Army Group Center, December 1941 7. Second phase of the Soviet winter counteroffensive, January-March 1942 8. Plan Blau and German offensive operations, May-November 1942 9. Soviet attacks on Army Groups Center and North, winter 1942-43 10. Southern portion of Russian Front, 1 November 1942 11. Soviet winter counteroffensive, 19 November-12 December 1942 12. German attack to relieve Stalingrad and defensive battles of the XLVIII Panzer Corps on the Chir River, 7-24 December 1942 13. Widening Soviet offensive and threat to German southern wing, 16 December 1942-18 January 1943 14. Manstein withdraws First and Fourth Panzer Armies from southern wing and counterattacks to recapture Kharkov, January-March 1943 15. Situation, spring 1943

SOVIET ARMY : http://homepage.eircom.net/~steven/sovarm.htm SOVIET AIR FORCE , NAVY & ARMY http://homepage.eircom.net/~steven/soviet.htm ***Web-Site describes the most commonly used equipment of the 'Soviet Army'. KV-2 Heavy Assault Tank "On December 19, 1939, The KV-1 was accepted for the service. At that time, the KV-1 took part in combat tests on the Russian-Finnish War (the Winter War). During those battles, the Soviet High Command come to conclusion that the heavy tank with more powerful armament is highly needed to combat with enemy's bunkers, pillboxes and other fortifications." IS-2 heavy tank "In February of 1944 all existing heavy breakthrough tank regiments, which were equipped with KV tanks, were re-equipped according to the new TO&E. Simultaneously, some new units were formed. These units were equipped with the newest IS tanks." IS-3 Heavy Tank "The IS-3 heavy tank (or its work "Object 703" designation), as approved, boasted a very good hull and turret, with excellent armor protection. The sloped armor on the turret and hull allowed better overall protection of the tank. The rear armor plate was tip-up. The centerline driver's station was fitted with a driver's hatch with a sight installed in it. Before opening the hatch the sight had to be removed." SU-152 Heavy Assault Gun "On February 14, 1943, the GKO accepted for service a new assault gun under new signature SU-152. In 1 March 1943 the mass production of SU-152 has begun in Chelyabinsk. Up to end of 1943 there were built 704 of new assault guns. During the production a new turret device for 12.7 mm DShK AAMG has been designed." ....AND other's... [ December 13, 2004, 11:08 AM: Message edited by: Retributar ]

RED ARMY STUDIES: Soviet Operational Art in the Second World War http://www.redarmystudies.net/index_sort.htm Below is a large collection of articles from Soviet journals and newspapers, mostly the Soviet Military History Journal, or Voyenno-Istoricheskiy Zhurnal, from the 1980s. All of these articles are now available online. For now, the best way to access the articles is through the LISTING PAGE . When you've decided which articles to read here, go to the Listing Page, find the specific issue containing the article, then download the issue . Be aware that the pdf files are large, ranging from 2-8 Mb in size, so be prepared to wait. 4 Wartime Experience in Troop Combat Training Before Operations Ladanov 2 1982 6 Wartime Experience in the Use of Engineer Obstacles Zlatkovskiy 2 1982 7 Wartime Experience on Cooperation With Partisan Forces Perezhogin 2 1982 8 Wartime Experience on Tank Unit Breakthrough Operations Kireyev 2 1982 9 Wartime Experience: Air Support in Czechoslovakia Plyachenko 2 1982 53 Wartime Organization of Fire in Offensive Operations Portugalskiy 3 1982 54 Wartime Experience in Amphibious Landing Operations Ammon 3 1982 55 Wartime Experience in Reconnaissance During Offensive Operations Korotchenko 3 1982 56 Wartime Experience in Control of Coalition Forces Altukhov 3 1982 57 Seminar on Wartime Experience of Black Sea Fleet Kosov 3 1982 58 Wartime Experience: Combat Training of Air Defense Troops Svetlishin 4 1982 59 Wartime Experience in Camouflage, Concealment and Deception Melnikov 4 1982 60 Origins of Soldier's Service and Pay Book Recounted Skryabin 4 1982 61 Comments on 'Bourgeois Falsification' of Battle of Moscow in WW II Nevzorov 4 1982 62 Mobilization of Ground Forces in World War II Described Kharkov 4 1982 63 Review of War Memoirs of Rifle Division Commander Tereshchenko 4 1982 64 Review of Book on Partisan Operations Against Germans Medvedev 4 1982 65 Wartime Experience: Breakthrough Tactics of Tank Troops Maryshev 6 1982 66 Wartime Experience: Rifle Division Reconnaissance in Force Nikitin 6 1982 67 Wartime Experience of Rifle Division Commander Recounted Rakitskiy 6 1982 68 Wartime Experience in Technical Support of Mobile Groups Krupchenko 6 1982 69 Wartime Operations: Allied Cooperative Efforts Against Germany Radziyevskiy 6 1982 70 Soviet Military Leadership: Improvements Made Between 1929-1939 Danilov 6 1982 71 Review of Book About Higher Schools During Wartime Nikitin 6 1982 72 Trends in Soviet Military Organization Development Reviewed Nikitin 7 1982 73 Gorshkov on Development of Naval Art of Warfare Gorshkov 7 1982 74 Wartime Experience in Organizing Air Defense of Ground Forces Morgulets 7 1982 75 Wartime Experience in Methods of Chemical Reconnaissance Yakubov 7 1982 76 Wartime Operations: The 64th Army in Battle of Stalingrad Balashov 7 1982 77 Role of Military Strategy in Preparing a Country for War Korzun 7 1982 78 Stages in Development of Soviet Military Shipbuilding Kotov 7 1982 79 Wartime Experience in Repair of Armored Materiel Syropyatov 7 1982 80 Wartime Experience in Air Defense of Northern Sea Lanes Inozemtsev 8 1982 81 Wartime Experience in Improving the Transportation System Popov 8 1982 82 Battle of Stalingrad: Preparatory Phase Documents Gurkin 8 1982 83 Battle of Stalingrad: Fighting for Bridgeheads on the Upper Don Shtykov 8 1982 84 Battle of Stalingrad: Combat Operations of the 308th Rifle Division Loskutov 8 1982 85 Military School Development During 1937-1941 Cheremnykh 8 1982 86 Wartime Operations: The 4th Guards Army in the Budapest Offensive Alferov 9 1982 87 Wartime Experience in the Employment of Armored Corps Kireyev 9 1982 88 Wartime Experience in Tactics of Naval Combat Gakkel 9 1982 89 Stalingrad Battle - 40th Anniversary Marked Matsulenko 9 1982 90 Biographical Data on Marshal Shaposhnikov Lomov 9 1982 91 Military Districts: Organizational Development Outlined Babakov 9 1982 92 Development of Artillery Manufacture and Employment Kuleshov 9 1982 93 Wartime Offensive Operations of the XXV Rifle Corps Yevstratov 10 1982 94 Wartime Defensive Operations in the Southern Sector Anoshkin 10 1982 95 Wartime Operations of the 51st Army at Stalingrad Trufanov 10 1982 96 Wartime Operations of the V Mechanized Corps Shaposhnikov 10 1982 97 Wartime Ordnance Supply for Operations in 1944 Volkotrubenko 10 1982 98 Biographical Data on Artillery Marshal K. R. Kazakov Batitskiy 10 1982 99 Strategy and Operational Art at Stalingrad Kozlov 11 1982 100 Combined Arms Tactics at Stalingrad Mazurkevich 11 1982 101 Air Support at Stalingrad Skorikov 11 1982 102 Artillery in the Battle for Stalingrad Peredelskiy 11 1982 103 Armor and Armored Troops in the Battle for Stalingrad Losik 11 1982 104 Air Defense of Stalingrad Romanov 11 1982 105 Volga Flotilla Operations at Stalingrad Bannikov 11 1982 106 Combat Engineers in the Battle for Stalingrad Aganov 11 1982 107 Communications Troops at Stalingrad Popov 11 1982 108 Rear Services Support at Stalingrad Abramov 11 1982 109 Major Pincer Operation in Stalingrad Battle Described Yeliseyev 2 1983 110 Employment of Naval Aviation in World War II Reviewed Stalbo 2 1983 111 Use of Gliders in World War II Combat Described Kazakov 2 1983 112 Development of Radar, ECM in World War II Reviewed Nazarenko 2 1983 113 Works of Marshal Tukhachevskiy Recalled on His 90th Birthday Sergeyev 2 1983 114 Combat Training for Troops During Wartime Discussed Gareyev 4 1983 115 Organization of Air Defense for Mobile Groups of Armies and Fronts Discussed Tormozov 4 1983 116 1st Polish Infantry Division in the Battle for Lenino Discussed Sukhinin 4 1983 117 Development of Soviet Military Art in Great Patriotic War Gayvoronskiy 5 1983 118 Air Tactics: Operational Art in Air Combat Over the Kuban Shishov 5 1983 119 Logistics Support for Partisans in Belorussia Dolgotovich 5 1983 120 48th Guards Rifle Division in Defensive Battle Gladkov 5 1983 121 Battle Orders Relating to Kursk Air Battle Published Simakov 5 1983 122 Development of Theory of Successive Offensives Reviewed Savushkin 5 1983 123 Biographical Data on Army Gen I. N. Shkadov Sokolov 5 1983 124 Role of Artillery in Kursk Battle Traced Peredelskiy 7 1983 125 New Developments, Role of Armored Troops in Kursk Battle Viewed Krupchenko 7 1983 126 Use of Engineer Troops in Kursk Defensive, Offensive Examined Kolibernov 7 1983 127 Role, Technical Progress of Signal Troops in Kursk Battle Traced Bulychev 7 1983 128 Logistical Problems, Improvements in Kursk Battle Examined Malyugin 7 1983 129 Role of Political Party Work in Kursk Battle Reviewed Volkov 7 1983 130 Archival Documents on End of Kursk Battle Published Gurov 7 1983 131 Black Sea Fleet Operations in World War II Examined Klitnyy 7 1983 132 Experience of Redeployment of Navy Ships in World War II Traced Vorobyev 7 1983 133 Biographical Data in I. A. Khalepskiy Given on Anniversary Popov 7 1983 signal communications 134 World War II Defensive Fire Plans Reviewed Zaytsev 9 1983 135 Deployment of Troop Air Defense During Final Stages of War Examined Chesnokov 9 1983 136 Security Operations Against Rail, Road Sabotage Described Pilyugin 9 1983 137 Ukrainian Partisan Aid to Soviet Troops in Dnepr Crossing Traced Domank 9 1983 138 Operations of Billeting Services in Leningrad Blockade Described Ladesov 9 1983 139 Actions of Advance Party in Dnepr Crossing Retraced Belomestnov 9 1983 140 Defensive Tactics of a Rifle Battalion Examined Pavlov 9 1983 141 World War II Training of Rifle Divisions Before Offensive Traced Pevnevets 9 1983 142 Development of World War II Flamethrower Equipment, Tactics Examined Dmitriyev 9 1983 143 World War II: Trends in Strategic Offensive Operations Examined Karpov 10 1983 144 World War II: Tactics in Crossing Antitank Defenses Traced Tsynkalov 10 1983 145 World War II: Improved Communications in Amphibious Landings Dvoryanov 10 1983 146 Archival Documents on Dnepr Battle Released Yaroshenko 10 1983 147 World War II Career Data of Mar SU A. A. Grechko Given Ivanov 10 1983 148 Book Reviewed on Soviet Breakthrough to Harbin Degtyarev 10 1983 149 Biographic Information on Army Gen A. L. Getman Provided Gusakovskiy 10 1983 150 Use of Strategic Reserves in Assault Groupings Examined Petrov 11 1983 151 Strategy for Liberation of Kiev Traced Ivanov 11 1983 152 Use of Air Forces at Beginning of World War II Analyzed Gorbachev 11 1983 153 Development of Naval Logistics in World War II Traced Mizin 11 1983 154 Defensive Actions of Rifle Division Near Moscow Analyzed Kolmakov 11 1983 155 Actions of Rifle Division in Liberation of Kiev Reviewed Samoylovich 11 1983 156 Archival Documents on Kiev Offensive Published Yaroshenko 11 1983 157 Partisan Demolition of Rail Bridge Relived Borovichev 11 1983 158 Biographic Details of Mar SU R. Ya. Malinovskiy Traced Povaliy 11 1983 159 Biographic Data on Army Gen I. A. Pliyev Given Kurochkin 11 1983 160 World War II: First Soviet Offensive at Rostov Described Kirichenko 12 1983 161 World War II: Fighter Tactics Against Ground Targets Examined Zavgorodniy 12 1983 162 World War II: Pursuit of Enemy by Divisional Units Examined Portugalskiy 12 1983 163 World War II: Soviet Far East Campaign Surveyed Krupchenko 12 1983 164 World War II: Ammunition, Weapons Supply System Outlined Volkotrubenko 12 1983 165 History of Russian Military Postal System Traced Balayev 12 1983 166 Book on Defense of Tula in World War II Reviewed Makhalov 12 1983 167 Book on Development of Rocket Unit in World War II Reviewed Shurygin 12 1983 168 World War II: Military Leadership Qualities Examined Lashchenko 1 1984 169 World War II: Organizing Offensives on Wooded Swampy Terrain Utenkov 1 1984 170 World War II Organization of Partisan Units Examined Andrianov 1 1984 171 Medical Support for Operations in Last Part of World War II Examined Grin 1 1984 172 World War II: First Battle of Border Troop Cadets Described Kalutskiy 1 1984 173 Improvement of Leningrad Defenses During Blockade Described Petrov 1 1984 174 Delivery of Weapons, Ammunition to Besieged Leningrad Traced Volkotrubenko 1 1984 175 Mechanized Corps Exercises on Eve of World War II Described Baranov 1 1984 176 Factors in Reversing Course of World War II Examined Akhromeyev 2 1984 177 Political Activities at Crucial Point of World War II Viewed Utkin 2 1984 178 Rear Services in Turning Point of World War II Traced Golushko 2 1984 179 Documents on Korsun-Shevchenkovskiy Operation Given Bulanko 2 1984 180 Transport, Logistic Operations in Korsun-Shevchenkovskiy Operation Karpushin 2 1984 181 World War II: Defensive Battles in Caucasus Range Described Nevzorov 2 1984 182 Command of Coalition Armed Forces in World War II Compared Gribkov 3 1984 183 Lessons of Initial Period of World War II Examined Matsulenko 3 1984 184 Preparations, Conduct of Offensive in Far East Traced Vorontsov 3 1984 185 Organization of Field Tank Repair Center Described Tarasenko 3 1984 186 Development of Underwater Driving of Tanks Described Ashik 3 1984 187 World War II: Goals, Problems of Air Defense Described Koldunov 3 1984 188 World War II: Parrying of Enemy Counterstrikes Analyzed Yevseyev 4 1984 189 Logistical Reorganization at Start of World War II Reviewed Skryabin 4 1984 190 Strategic Deployment of Belligerents in World War II Examined Zaporozhchenko 4 1984 191 World War II: Liberation of Ternopol Recalled Nikitan 4 1984 192 World War II: Special Assignment for Mar Zhukov Described Nazarov 4 1984 193 Counterpreparation Fire in World War II Defensive Operations Traced Piratov 4 1984 194 Biographic Information on Army Gen V. A. Penkovskiy Given Kazakov 4 1984 195 Founding, Tradition of Heroes of Soviet Union Traced Zaytsev 4 1984 196 World War II: Development of Successive Attacks Examined Bezkhrebtyy 5 1984 197 World War II: Preventing German Withdrawal from Crimea Traced Melnik 5 1984 198 Partisan Operations in Crimea Operation Examined Knyazkov 5 1984 199 World War II: Tank Maintenance Organization Described Syropyatov 5 1984 200 Development of Prewar Air Defense Views Examined Boshnyak 5 1984 201 Propaganda Techniques Against Enemy Troops Examined Tsapkov 5 1984 202 Organization of Civil War Field Staff Described Daynes 5 1984 203 Black Sea Fleet Operations in Kerch Landing Traced Avraamov 5 1984 204 Development of Soviet Military Art in Belorussian Operation Traced Unattributed 6 1984 205 Use of Armor, Mechanized Troops in Belorussian Operation Described Losik 6 1984 206 Combat Employment of Artillery in Belorussian Operation Viewed Mikhalkin 6 1984 207 Role of Engineer Troops in Belorussian Operation Traced Biryukov 6 1984 208 Organization of Signal Troops in Belorussian Offensive Examined Belov 6 1984 209 Role of Rear Services in Belorussian Operation Viewed Abramov 6 1984 210 Wartime Activities of Marshal Perezypkin Examined Ivanov 6 1984 211 Military Career of Marshal N. N. Alekseyev Traced Shabanov 6 1984 212 Role of Sector High Commands at Start of World War II Reviewed Gurkin 7 1984 213 Specific Features of Lvov-Sandomir Operation Reviewed Maryshev 7 1984 214 Improvments in Naval Training in World War II Examined Chernavin 7 1984 215 Cooperation of Long-Range Bomber Aviation, Ground Troops Traced Reshetnikov 7 1984 216 Liberation of Poland by Soviet Troops in World War II Reviewed Kochegura 7 1984 217 World War II Activities of Mar. F. I. Tolbukhin Reviewed Oleynikov 7 1984 218 Archival Political Reports on Belorussian Operation Published Yaroshenko 7 1984 219 World War II Campaign Record of Dnepr Flotilla Traced Grigoryev 7 1984 220 Partisan, 65th Army Cooperation in Belorussian Operation Reviewed Chertok 7 1984 221 Soviet Military Achievements in Yassy-Kishinev Operation Viewed Gayvoronskiy 7 1984 222 Artillery, Air Breakthrough of Enemy Defenses in World War II Traced Sidorov 8 1984 223 World War II: Organization, Support of Tank Marches Described Krupchenko 8 1984 224 Employment of Air Force in Belorussian Operation Viewed Golubev 8 1984 225 Biographic Data on Mar SU S. S. Biryuzov Unattributed 8 1984 226 Biographic Data on Air Marshal P. S. Kutakhov Rudenko 8 1984 227 Biographic Data on Khalkhin-Gol Heroes Outlined Rumyantsev 8 1984 228 Book on History of First Guards Unit Reviewed Degtyarev 8 1984 229 Biographic Data on Admiral I. S. Isakov Given Sergeyev 8 1984 230 Biographic Data on Air Marshal A. Ye. Golovanov Provided Ushakov 8 1984 231 Biographic Data on Marshal of Armored Troops S. Bogdanov Given Otstavnoy 8 1984 232 Converting of Soviet Economy to Wartime Status Examined Kurkotkin 9 1984 233 World War II: Organization, Conduct of Tank Engagements Viewed Losik 9 1984 234 Preparations, Conduct of 1944 Baltic Operation Described Muriyev 9 1984 235 Organization, Execution of Assault on Fortified Areas Traced Pastukhov 9 1984 236 Biographic Data on Mongolian Heroes of Khalkhin-Gol Battles Given Kuznetsov 9 1984 237 Memoirs Describe Exposed-Flank Advance in Baltic in 1944 Arushanyan 9 1984 238 Book Review: Role of General Staff Officers in World War II Kulikov 9 1984 239 Petsamo-Kirkenes Operation in World War II Examined Khrenov 10 1984 240 Employment of Artillery in Petsamo-Kirkenes Operation Traced Peredelskiy 10 1984 241 Role, Conduct of Meeting Engagements in World War II Analyzed Sokolov 10 1984 242 World War II: Ammunition Supply in Arctic Conditions Traced Volkotrubenko 10 1984 243 Biographic Data on Army Gen A. T. Stuchenko Given Tretyak 10 1984 244 Biographic Data on Mar Avn S. I. Rudenko Given Savitskiy 10 1984 245 Biographic Data on Mar Avn V. A. Sudets Given Podgornyy 10 1984 246 Army Gen Ivanov on 1944-1945 Budapest Operations Ivanov 11 1984 247 1943: Zaporozhye, 6th Army Forcing of Dnepr Sokolov 11 1984 248 Budapest Operation: Biryukov's Detached Units Gladkov 11 1984 249 Certain Characteristic Features of the East Prussian Operation Beloborodov 12 1984 250 Offensive Operations by Soviet Forces on Karelian Isthmus and in Southern Karelia Snetkov 12 1984 251 Experience in Fighting for Strategic Air Supremacy During the Years of World War II and Its Importance in the Contemporary Situation Kutakhov 12 1984 252 M. V. Frunze on Military Training and Indoctrination Gareyev 12 1984 253 The Use of Rocket Artillery During the Forcing of Water Barriers in the Third Period of the Great Patriotic War Manachinskiy 12 1984 254 Vistula-Oder Operation: General Overview Rudenko 1 1985 255 Vistula-Oder Operation: Deep Air Operations Yefimov 1 1985 256 Vistula-Oder Operation: Artillery Operations Peredelskiy 1 1985 257 Vistula-Oder Operation: Use of Tank Armies Kireyev 1 1985 258 Vistula-Oder Operation: Engineering Support Kolibernov 1 1985 259 Vistula-Oder Operation: Technical Support for Armor Syropyatov 1 1985 260 Vistula-Oder Operation: Prior, On-Going Communications Organization Konichev 1 1985 261 Frunze's Main Positions on Military Doctrine Reviewed Yevseyev 1 1985 262 East Pomeranian Operation Recalled Batov 2 1985 263 Technique of Encircling Large Groups Lashchenko 2 1985 264 Activities of Military Districts During Great Patriotic War Yatsenko 2 1985 265 Organization, Operation of Anti-Submarine Defense Yashin 2 1985 266 Frunze's Military Art Petrov 2 1985 267 Strategic Disinformation in Achievement of Surprise Meshcheryakov 2 1985 268 The Contribution of M. V. Frunze to the Development of Strategy and Operational Art Kozlov 3 1985 269 M. V. Frunze on the Training and Indoctrination of Soviet Military Personnel Shkadov 3 1985 270 M. V. Frunze on Soviet Military Science Losik 3 1985 271 M. V. Frunze on the Moral Factor in Modern War Volkogonov 3 1985 272 National Air Defense Troops in the Great Patriotic War Koldunov 3 1985 273 Military Transport During the Years of the Great Patriotic War Klemin 3 1985 274 Certain Documents on the Eastern Pomeranian Operation Yaroshenko 3 1985 275 Review: Shakhurin on Aviation Industry During War Years Rudenko 3 1985 276 Review: Karelian Front, 1941-1945 Kuzovatkin 3 1985 277 On Employment of Aviation in the Berlin Operation Interview 4 1985 278 Employment of Tank Armies in the Berlin Operation Potapov 4 1985 279 Combat Employment of Artillery in the Berlin Operation Matveyev 4 1985 280 Engineer Troops in the Berlin Operation Aganov 4 1985 281 Signal Troops in the Berlin Operation Popov 4 1985 282 Logistic Support of the 2d Guards Tank Army in the Berlin Operation Zelenskiy 4 1985 283 MSU Konev on Berlin, Prague Operations Konev 4 1985 284 On Offensive in Europe, 1945 Maksimov 4 1985 285 Operational-Strategic Use of Navy in World War II Gorshkov 4 1985 286 Rear Support: Economics of Victory in World War II Bartenev 5 1985 287 Responsibilities of Wartime High Command Agencies Discussed Mayorov 5 1985 288 On Partisan Movement Andrianov 5 1985 289 Support for the Flanks of Assault Groupings of Fronts During Offensive Operations Gladysh 5 1985 290 Naval Forces Coordination to Interdict Sea Communications Alekseyev 6 1985 291 Organizing 'Operational Rear' During World War II Malyugin 6 1985 292 Documents on 'Liberation' of Northeast Area Yaroshenko 6 1985 293 On Work Methods of All-Arms Commanders, Staffs in Organizing Offensive Combat in 1930's Daynes 6 1985 294 Combat of Dnepr Naval Flotilla in Belorussian Operation Aristov 6 1985 295 Weapons Supply of Fronts in Berlin Operation Volkotrubenko 6 1985 296 Soviet Strategic Leadership in Years of Great Patriotic War Kozlov 7 1985 297 Development of Soviet Operational Art, Tactics in Years of Great Patriotic War Obaturov 7 1985 298 Ground Forces in the Great Patriotic War Grinkevich 7 1985 299 Air Forces in the Great Patriotic War Pankin 7 1985 300 Operational-Strategic Employment of Navy in Great Patriotic War Navoytsev 7 1985 301 Experience of Organizing Air Defense During War Years Maltsev 7 1985 302 Training of Military Personnel During Years of Great Patriotic War Goncharov 7 1985 303 Establishment, Use of Strategic Reserves in War Years Karpov 7 1985 304 Defeat of the Kwantung Army in the Far East Tretyak 8 1985 305 Employment of Aviation in the Manchurian Operation Unattributed 8 1985 306 Combat Employment of Artillery in Manchurian Operation Mikhalkin 8 1985 307 Engineer Support of the Offensive in Manchurian Operation Khrenov 8 1985 308 Signals in the Manchurian Operation Sokolov 8 1985 309 Certain Features of Rear Support for the First Far Eastern Front in the Manchurian Operation Bichik 8 1985 310 Rail Transport in Preparation, Execution of Manchurian Operation Germanov 8 1985 311 Front Command, Staff Methods for Preparing Offensive Operations Popov 9 1985 312 Experience of Organizing, Conducting Reconnaissance in Force Simchenkov 9 1985 313 Discussion of Roles of NKVD Troops in World War II Nekrasov 9 1985 314 Speech of Mar. Rotmistrov at 1946 Conference on Berlin Operation Rotmistrov 9 1985 315 Military Pedagogical Views of M. I. Dragomirov Zaytsev 9 1985 316 Main Improvements in Artillery Weapons in Great Patriotic War Latukhin 9 1985 317 Improved Organization of Railroad Troops in Great Patriotic War Makartsev 9 1985 318 On the Question of Strategic Operations in the Great Patriotic War Gurkin 10 1985 319 Achieving Surprise From the Experience of the Great Patriotic War Kunitskiy 10 1985 320 Torpedo Boat Operations to Disrupt Enemy Sea Movements Zamchalov 10 1985 321 From the Experience of the Soviet Army Rear Staff in World War II Golushko 10 1985 322 Maj. Gen. Antonov Discusses Operations in Donbas Antonov 10 1985 323 From the History of the Birth and Development of Rocket Weapons Kaplunov 10 1985 324 Methods of Artillery Attack Support in World War II Offensive Operations Chernukhin 10 1985 325 Rear Support of 14th Army in Petsamo-Kirkenes Operation Ovsyannikov 10 1985 326 Changing Substance and Nature of Initial Period of War Avseyev 11 1985 327 Development of Combined-Arms Tactics Between Civil and Great Patriotic Wars Savushkin 11 1985 328 Armored and Mechanized Troop Technical Reconnaissance in Great Patriotic War Ivanov 11 1985 329 Provision of Fronts With Weapons and Ammunition Volkotrubenko 11 1985 330 Operational Troop Movements in Operations During First Period of War Popov 11 1985 331 Achieving High Rates of Advance in Front Operations of Great Patriotic War Sokolov 12 1985 332 Airborne Assault Forces in Front Offensive Operations of Great Patriotic War Sukhorukov 12 1985 333 Organization of Combat Support for Submarines in World War II Chernavin 12 1985 334 Questions of Party Work in Front Offensive Operations in Great Patriotic War Mazhayev 12 1985 335 From Experience in Coordinating Troop Operations of Anti-Hitler Coalition Radziyevskiy 12 1985 336 Border-Guards Cadets in Combat on Leningrad Front Kalutskiy 12 1985 337 Improving Organizational Structure of Engineer Troops in Great Patriotic War Soskov 12 1985 338 Seminar on End of Nazi Occupation, Carrying War into Eastern Europe Bobylev 12 1985 339 Mar. Armored Troops O. A. Losik Lashchenko 12 1985 340 Northern Fleet Operations to Defend Sealanes in War Years Navoytsev 2 1986 341 Development of Fire Plan in Defensive Combat Pastukhov 2 1986 342 Shock Group Operations in Breaching Fortified Areas, Capturing Cities Petrov 2 1986 343 Basic Directions in Development of Soviet Armed Forces in Years of Great Patriotic War Kunitskiy 2 1986 344 Organization of Party Political Work in Vistula-Oder Operation Balabanov 2 1986 345 Basic Directions in Development of Communications Equipment in Years of Great Patriotic War Zaytsev 2 1986 346 Chief Mar. Armored Troops A. Kh. Babadzhanyan Potapov 2 1986 347 Maneuvering of Strategic Reserves in First Period of Great Patriotic War Yevseyev 3 1986 348 Ability to Achieve Set Goal - A Major Quality of a Military Leader Lashchenko 3 1986 349 Crossing of Southern Bug, Vistula by Tank Corps Without Halting Sukhinin 3 1986 350 Ways to Ensure Survival of Control Posts of Front (Army) From Experience of Great Patriotic War Portugalskiy 3 1986 351 Engineer Support of First Belorussian Front in Berlin Operation Unattributed 3 1986 352 Offensive of 104th Rifle Division on Alakurtti Sector Sinkliner 3 1986 353 Artillery Support for Infantry, Tanks in Combat in Depth Chernukhin 3 1986 354 Development of Torpedo Weapons in War Years Vorobyev 3 1986 355 Obstructing Railroads in first Period of War Ponomarev 3 1986 356 Superiority of Soviet Military Science, Military Art in Great Patriotic War Gayvoronskiy 4 1986 357 Improving Command System of Air Defense Troops in Great Patriotic War Maltsev 4 1986 358 Reinforcing, Widening Bridgeheads in Vistula-Oder Operation Sokolov 4 1986 359 Landing of Amphibious Forces in Offensive Operations of Great Patriotic War Bondarevskiy 4 1986 360 Question of Strategic Operations in Great Patriotic War Glazunov 4 1986 361 Combat Operations of 35th Rifle, 31st Tank Brigade on Solnechnogorsk Sector Ostreyko 4 1986 362 Experience of Employing Ship Armament in Naval Cooperation With Ground Troop Formations, Units Sinegubov 4 1986 363 Technical Reconnaissance of Railroads Antonov 4 1986 364 Development of Soviet Military Art in Operations of 1944-1945 Matsulenko 5 1986 365 Organizing of Offensive Operations Unattributed 5 1986 366 Experience of Army Commanders, Staffs in Organizing, Maintaining Cooperation in Offensive Operations of GPW Portugalskiy 5 1986 367 Organizing, Maintaining Cooperation During Division's Offensive in Yassy-Kishinev Operation Savelyev 5 1986 368 Experience of Controlling Artillery Group Fire During Offensive Operations of Great Patriotic War Biryukov 5 1986 369 On the Question of Strategic Operations of Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 Mikhalev 5 1986 370 German Submarine Operations in the Atlantic Bannikov 5 1986 371 Certain Questions of Strategic Defensive in Great Patriotic War Maryshev 6 1986 372 Achieving Covertness Simchenkov 6 1986 373 Combating Enemy Artillery in Course of Stalingrad Counteroffensive Sidorov 6 1986 374 Logistic Support of Fronts in Encirclement Operations Abramov 6 1986 375 Development of Defensive Tactics of Russian Army in World War I Frolov 6 1986 376 Biographic Sketch of Adm. A. G. Golovko Chernavin 6 1986 377 Submarine Operations in Different Maritime Theaters of Great Patriotic War Chernavin 7 1986 378 Air Operations Against Enemy Reserves in Offensive Operations of Great Patriotic War Pankin 7 1986 379 Choosing Sectors of the Main Thrust in Campaigns and Strategic Operations Kunitskiy 7 1986 380 Defensive Combat of Rifle Division in Repelling Offensive by Superior Enemy Forces in Initial Period of War Ramanichev 7 1986 381 Question of Strategic Operations in Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 Dzhelaukhov 7 1986 382 Military Council Activities in Operations of Third Period of Great Patriotic War Kalinchuk 7 1986 383 Methods and Forms of Fighting by Generalissimo A. V. Suvorov Strokov 7 1986 384 Employment of Air Army Formations for Front Mobile Groups Fighting in Operational Depth Yefimov 8 1986 385 Build-Up of Effort in Front in Front Offensive Operations of Great Patriotic War Kiselev 8 1986 386 Organization of Pacific Fleet Communications in Preparation, Landing of Amphibious Troops in Ports of North Korea, Sakhalin, Kuril Islands Smirnov 8 1986 387 Experience of Defensive Combat by Rifle Divisions at Stalingrad Balashov 8 1986 388 Partisan Reconnaissance During Years of Great Patriotic War Andrianov 8 1986 389 Experience of Maneuvering for Concentrating Efforts Against Enemy Assault Groupings in Course of Front Defensive Operations Yevseyev 9 1986 390 From Experience of Launching Long-Range Air Raids Against Enemy Military-Industrial Objectives Reshetnikov 9 1986 391 Tanks in Combat and an Operation Krupchenko 9 1986 392 Ways of Maintaining Tank Army Battleworthiness in Offensive Operations of Great Patriotic War Shevchenko 9 1986 393 Improved Radio Communications for Radar Support of Air Operations in Great Patriotic War Lariokhin 9 1986 394 Importance of Combat Experience in Lake Khasan Area and on Khalkhin-Gol River for Development of Soviet Military Art Novikov 9 1986 395 45th Anniversary of Soviet Guards Commemorated Isayev 9 1986 396 Elimination of Nazi Troop Yelnya Salient in 1941 Bazhenov 10 1986 397 Repelling Enemy Counterattacks From Experience of Great Patriotic War Venkov 10 1986 398 Certain Questions of Control of Army Rear Services in Offensive Operations of Great Patriotic War Yeremenko 10 1986 399 Experience of Party-Political Work in Crossing Water Obstacles in Operations of Great Patriotic War Stefanovskiy 10 1986 400 Establishment of Center Supply Depots in Great Patriotic War Skryabin 10 1986 401 Meeting of Navy Leadership, Specialists on Studying Combat Experience of First Year of World War II Aristov 10 1986 402 Restoring Battleworthiness of Tank (Mechanized) Units, Formations in Course of Offensive From Experience of Great Patriotic War Zavatskiy 10 1986 403 Allotment of Battle Tasks Ivanov 10 1986 404 Organizing Cooperation of Naval Forces With Ground Troops in Defense of Naval Bases, Ports, Cities Dvoryanov 11 1986 405 Combat Employment of Artillery in Mountains Chernukhin 11 1986 406 Engineer Organization, Maintenance of Crossings of Water Obstacles Soskov 11 1986 407 Organizing Rear Support of Operations of Air Formations in Years of Great Patriotic War Borodulin 11 1986 408 Combat Training of 15th, 222d Rifle Divisions From Experience of Great Patriotic War Pestov 11 1986 409 1941 Battle of Moscow Recounted Andronikov 12 1986 410 Achieving Success With Overall Enemy Superiority in Forces Nevzorov 12 1986 411 Features of Party Political Work in Battle of Moscow Maltsev 12 1986 412 Archival Document on Actions of Soviet Troops at Moscow Tarakanov 12 1986 413 MSU G. K. Zhukov: A Glorious General of the Great Patriotic War Mayorov 12 1986 414 MSU K. K. Rokossovskiy Lelyushenko 12 1986 415 Analysis of Causes of Inconclusiveness of Certain Offensive Operations in Great Patriotic War Petrov 1 1987 416 Operational Maneuver of Aviation Without Change of Basing Gorbachev 1 1987 417 Logistic Support for Mobile Groups of Fronts in Vistula-Oder Operation Polukhin 1 1987 418 Evolution of Views on Defensive in Interwar Years Savushkin 1 1987 419 Employment of Submarines in Interest of Conducting Reconnaissance Alekseyev 1 1987 420 Cooperation of Regular Soviet Troops With Partisan Formations During Eastern Front Offensive in 1919-1920 Ageyev 1 1987 421 Army Commander 2d Rank Ya. I. Alksnis Skorikov 1 1987 422 Strategic Cooperation From Experience of Great Patriotic War Tolubko 2 1987 423 Operational-Tactical Training of Air Force Command Personnel, Staffs Between Civil and Great Patriotic Wars Chernetskiy 2 1987 424 Joint Operations of Partisans With Troops in Rzhev-Vyazma Operation Perezhogin 2 1987 425 Strategem Lobov 3 1987 426 From Experience of Offensive Operations on Right-Bank Ukraine at Start of 1944 Mikhalev 3 1987 427 Experience of Front Operations With Crossing of Major Water Obstacles Sokolov 3 1987 428 Tank Army on the Defensive Sukhinin 3 1987 429 Air Defense of Lines of Communications During Great Patriotic War Pigasov 3 1987 430 Fuel Supply for Fronts in Third Period of Great Patriotic War Bazanov 3 1987 431 Massing of Forces on Sectors of Main Thrust Kunitskiy 4 1987 432 Preparation of Army Offensive Operations Zyuzin 4 1987 433 Operational Maneuvering of Antiaircraft Artillery During Front Offensive Operations Subbotin 4 1987 434 Commander, Staff Work in Commanding Tank (Mechanized) Corps Antonov 4 1987 435 Information in Combat Activities of Units, Formations From Experience of Great Patriotic War Ivanov 4 1987 436 Repair Plant on the Front Tarasenko 4 1987 437 Ways of Increasing Stability of Operational Defense Bazhenov 5 1987 438 Employment of Smoke Agents in Offensive Operations of Great Patriotic War Yakubov 5 1987 439 Improving Command System of Frontal Aviation Korolkov 5 1987 440 Partisan Defensive Operations During Great Patriotic War Azyasskiy 5 1987 441 Experience of Commanders of 1142d, 176th Rifle Regiments in Organizing Cooperation Ugolnikov 5 1987 442 Food, Fodder Procurement From Local Resources Litvinov 5 1987 443 Experience of 1st Torpedo Air Regiment Lvov 5 1987 444 Covering State Frontier on Eve of Great Patriotic War Yakovlenko 5 1987 445 Technical Rearming of Soviet Army on Eve of Great Patriotic War Khorkov 6 1987 446 Development of System of Strategic Leadership Bodies With Start of Great Patriotic War Danilov 6 1987 447 Navy Antimine Defense During Years of Great Patriotic War Yoltukhovskiy 6 1987 448 Experience of Converting Soviet National Economy From Peacetime to Wartime Status Ivashov 6 1987 449 Notes on the Biography of G. K. Zhukov Simonov 6 1987 450 Naval Officer Training During Great Patriotic War Rybak 6 1987 451 1942 Chronicle: January - December Nagayev 6 1987 452 Generalization, Employment of Combat Experience in First Period of Great Patriotic War Gladysh 7 1987 453 Work Experience of Army Commanders, Staffs in Field Krikunov 7 1987 454 Attack Aviation Tactics Against Tanks Anuchkin 7 1987 455 Notes on Biography of G.K. Zhukov Simonov 7 1987 456 General Remembers Battle of Berlin Antonov 7 1987 457 Classic Example of Offensive by Group of Fronts Varennikov 8 1987 458 Certain Features in Planning 1942 Summer-Autumn Campaign Grylev 8 1987 459 Fighter "Lone-Wolf" Operations Vetrov 8 1987 460 Rear Support of 5th Army in Harbin-Kirin Operation Bichik 8 1987 461 Combat Actions of XX Guards Rifle Corps at Akhtyrka Gladkov 8 1987 462 184th Rifle Division's Role in Kaunas Operation Ostreyko 8 1987 463 High Commands of Sectors in Great Patriotic War Danilov 9 1987 464 Air Defense of Front Second Echelons in Offensive Operations Manachinskiy 9 1987 465 Preparation of Troops to Breach Deeply Echeloned Enemy Defense Shevchenko 9 1987 466 Organization of Offensive by Regimental Commander Nechayev 9 1987 467 Certain Features of Party Work in Armored Troops in Great Patriotic War Maltsev 9 1987 468 Notes on G.K. Zhukov Simonov 9 1987 469 Experience of Commanders, Staffs, Political Bodies in Maintaining High Troop Discipline in Great Patriotic War Portugalskiy 9 1987 470 Pioneer of Series Tank Construction Beskurnikov 9 1987 471 Front Repair Centers for Armored Equipment Ivanov 9 1987 472 Results of Discussion on Strategic Operations of Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 Unattributed 10 1987 473 Methods of Defeating Enemy in Strategic Offensive Operations Kunitskiy 10 1987 481 Strategic Soviet Troop Regroupings in Preparation of 1942-1943 Winter Campaign Yeliseyev 11 1987 482 Raid to Tatsinskaya Porfiryev 11 1987 483 Combat of 87th Rifle Division in Kotelnikovskiy Operation (15-31 December 1942) Runov 11 1987 484 RVGK Artillery in First Period of War Medvedev 11 1987 485 Second Echelons in Offensive Operations Loskutov 12 1987 486 Improving Troop Antiaircraft Cover in Years of Great Patriotic War Sherstyuk 12 1987 487 Ways of Increasing Effective Collection of Situation Data Savelyev 12 1987 intelligence 488 Notes on G.K. Zhukov Simonov 12 1987 489 Fortified Areas on USSR Western Frontiers Khorkov 12 1987 490 Tank Repair System in Nazi Army Syropyatov 12 1987 491 Soviet Construction Troops Shestopalov 1 1988 492 Lessons of Two Operations Golovnin 1 1988 493 Cooperation of Tank Armies With Combined-Arms Field Forces Vavenko 1 1988 494 Ground Attack Air Operations in Mountains Shishov 1 1988 495 Features of Toropets-Kholm Offensive Operation Vilinov 1 1988 496 Preparing Trained Reserves for Soviet Army in Prewar Years, Great Patriotic War Krivosheyev 1 1988 497 Results Could Have Been Better… Ushakov 1 1988 498 Genesis, Development of Soviet Military Doctrine Savushkin 2 1988 499 Military Legal Views of M.V. Frunze Inyakov 2 1988 500 Preparations, Conduct of Operations to Encircle, Eliminate Large Enemy Groupings Krupchenko 2 1988 501 Experience of Army Defensive Operations Krikunov 2 1988 502 Combat Operations by Units of 256th, 372d Rifle Divisions in Encirclement Utenkov 2 1988 503 Organization of Strategic Leadership of Soviet Forces Danilov 3 1988 504 Development of Theory of Offensive Combat in Depth in Prewar Years Ulyanov 3 1988 505 Breaching Enemy Defenses Maryshev 3 1988 506 Offensive of Second Belorussian Front in Polesye Mikhalev 3 1988 507 Cooperation of Ground Troops with Attack Air Formations Kumskov 3 1988 508 Partisan Raids Knyazkov 3 1988 509 Regiment Offensive Under Winter Conditions Kartavtsev 3 1988 510 2d Assault Army in Combat for the Motherland Lyashchenko 3 1988 511 Combat Operations of LXXIX Rifle Corps Bondar 3 1988 512 Combating Enemy Operational Reserves in Offensive Operations of Great Patriotic War Sokolov 4 1988 513 Artillery Support in Committing Front Mobile Groups to Engagement (Breakthrough) Piratov 4 1988 514 Fortified Areas in Civil War Kulikovskiy 4 1988 515 Operations Directorate of General Staff During Great Patriotic War Antonov 5 1988 516 Initial Period of Great Patriotic War Kiryan 6 1988 517 Deployment of Operational Rear in Initial Period of War Pastukhovskiy 6 1988 518 Development of Soviet Military Art in the Battle of Kursk Postnikov 7 1988 519 Combat Operations [deystviya] by Black Sea Fleet Submarines in 1943-1944 Vorobyev 7 1988 520 Baltic Fleet Ship Patrol Duty in the War Years Mitin 7 1988 521 International Assistance of Soviet Partisans to the Antifascist Movement of the Countries of Central and Southeast Europe Andrianov 7 1988 522 Military Operations [Deystviya] in the Northwestern Sector in the Initial Period of the War Petrov 7 1988 523 Restoration of the Broken Strategic Defensive Front in 1941 Kunitskiy 7 1988 524 Souteast of Orel Gavrikov 7 1988 525 70th Anniversary of Legendary Iron Infantry Division Pavlov 7 1988 526 Development of Defensive Combat Tactics in First, Second Periods of Great Patriotic War Gusev 8 1988 527 Genesis, Development of Theory of Combat Employment of Air Forces (1917-1938) Anuchin 8 1988 528 Air Operations to Thwart Operation Brazil Yermilov 8 1988 529 Combat of Soviet Troops on Southwestern Sector in Initial Period of War Gurov 8 1988 530 Improving Military Medical Service During Great Patriotic War Komarov 8 1988 531 MSU M.V. Zakharov Ivanov 8 1988 532 Weapons of Air Combat Novikov 8 1988 533 Across Hills, Tayga and Swamps of Manchuria Dragan 8 1988 534 Text of Stalin's Order 227 "Not a Step to the Rear!" varied 8 1988 535 Use of Mines by Russian Troops on Lower Danube in 1877 Sinin 8 1988 536 Operations in Battles Gurkin 9 1988 537 Predictions of M.N. Tukhachevskiy Gorelik 9 1988 538 Orders From World War II Archives unattributed 9 1988 539 Features of Rear Support in Mountain Desert Terrain Butkov 9 1988 540 Unforgettable unattributed 9 1988 tanks, armor 541 Munich: Leap to War Orlov 9 1988 542 Surprise Factor Solovyev 9 1988 543 On Number of Guns in Russian Armies by Start of 1812 Patriotic War Troitskiy 9 1988 544 They Stood to the Death Sandalov 10 1988 545 Reflections on Fate of Military Leader Pavlenko 10 1988 546 Who Is to Blame? Maltsev 10 1988 initial period 547 Generals of 1940 Kuznetsov 10 1988 1937 purge 548 Two Centers of Danger Kashlyak 10 1988 Japanese 549 Prague and Military Conspiracy Case Pfaff 10 1988 Tukhachevskiy 550 We Through Eyes of Others Para 10 1988 551 They Stood to the Death Sandalov 11 1988 552 Both Russians and Non-Russians Ismailov 11 1988 553 Reflections on Fate of Military Leader Pavlenko 11 1988 554 Where Did the Tanks Go? Krikunov 11 1988 initial period 555 With Lull, Respite Tsarkov 11 1988 partisans 556 Prague and the Military Conspiracy Case Pfaff 11 1988 Tukhachevskiy 557 'I Was in a Blocking Detachment' Ishchenko 11 1988 558 What Were the Facts? unattributed 11 1988 initial period 559 We Through the Eyes of Others Para 11 1988 560 'Obey The Wise…' Sokolov 11 1988 ancient kievan 561 Battle Order Khoroshilov 11 1988 562 If Defenses Are Breached (On Restoring the Breached Strategic Defensive Front on the Southwestern Sector) Kunitskiy 12 1988 563 They Stood to the Death Sandalov 12 1988 564 A Feat (Core of Officers Who Were Representatives of the General Staff in the GPW) Saltykov 12 1988 565 Reflections on Fate of Military Leader Pavlenko 12 1988 566 By Strong-Willed Decisions (Railroad Support in Initial Period of War) Medvedev 12 1988 567 What Actually Happened? Galayko 12 1988 568 'Klim, Koba Said…' Suvenirov 12 1988 569 Prague and the Military Conspiracy Case Pfaff 12 1988 Tukhachevskiy 570 On Strategem Isaykin 12 1988 571 Start of the Turning Point: Battle of Moscow unattributed 1 1989 572 They Fought to the Last Man: Archival Materials Vzvarova 1 1989 573 First Disaster: Battle of Moscow Anufriyev 1 1989 574 Planning Mistakes: Rear Support for the Vyazma Airborne Operation Sorochenko 1 1989 575 First High Altitude Ram Anuchin 1 1989 576 Combat Operations of 108th Rifle Division in First Period of War Khorev 1 1989 577 Combat Operations of the 4th Army Troops of Western Front in First Period of War Sandalov 2 1989 578 Development of Strategy in 20's, 30's Lobov 2 1989 579 Book on WWII Arms Production, Procurement Reviewed Kolechitskiy 2 1989 580 Brief Biography of Vasiliy Stalin Kolesnik 2 1989 581 Bukharin-Voroshilov Correspondence on High-Level Purges Fedotovich 2 1989 582 Use of Aerial Ramming (Taran) in WWII Studied Zaytsev 3 1989 583 Mikoyan on WWII Evacuation Operations Mikoyan 3 1989 584 Thirties Military Purges Examined Suvenirov 3 1989 585 On the Death of M.V. Frunze and F.E. Dzerzhinskiy Medvedev 3 1989 586 Preparation for Outbreak of WWII Examined Krikunov 3 1989 587 Autobiographic Resume of Repressed Officer Sedyakin 3 1989 588 Wife's Biography of Blyukher Blyukher 3 1989 589 Sources of Defeat in Belorussia Semidetko 4 1989 590 Pre-WWII Efforts to Strengthen Military Discipline Discussed Suvenirov 4 1989 591 State of Soviet Troops on Eve of WWII Debated Krikunov 4 1989 592 Fate of Jurists in Tukhachevskiy Case Examined Viktorov 4 1989 593 Previously Unpublished Excerpts From Rokossovskiy Memoirs Rokossovskiy 4 1989 594 Wife's Biography of Blyukher Blyukher 4 1989 595 Role of Air Aces in Fight for Air Supremacy Chernetskiy 5 1989 596 Preparation for Outbreak of WWII Examined Krikunov 5 1989 597 First Days of War in Documents Zhuravlev 5 1989 598 Previously Unpublished Excerpts From Rokossovskiy Memoirs Rokossovskiy 5 1989 599 On Features of Wehrmacht Preparations for Attack on USSR Yakuchevskiy 5 1989 600 Russian Clandestine Intelligence 1902-1905 Derevyanko 5 1989 601 Work on Prewar Japanese Military Policy Reviewed Savin 5 1989 602 Wife's Biography of Blyukher Blyukher 5 1989 603 Combat of 4th Army of the Western Front in Initial Period of War Sandalov 6 1989 604 First Days of the War in Documents Zhuravlev 6 1989 605 The Riddle of 22 June 1941 Chukreyev 6 1989 606 A Soldier's Duty Rokossovskiy 6 1989 607 N.N. Voronov Voronov 6 1989 608 A Train a Quarter of a Century Long Anisimov 6 1989 609 End of Tsarist Army Bonch-Bruyevich 6 1989 610 M.M. Dragomirov on Military Discipline Komissarov 6 1989 611 Consequences of Estimates Kiselev 7 1989 612 First Days of War in Documents Zhuravlev 7 1989 613 First Days of War in Documents Zhuravlev 9 1989 614 End of Hitler Germany Gorelik 9 1989 615 Price of Aggression Gurkin 9 1989 616 Description, Documents on 1944 Yassy-Kishinev Operation Krikunov 10 1989 617 Air Action Against Combat Formations Vasiliyev 1 1943 AirAction 618 Flame-throwing Tanks Tishkin 1 1940 AirInfantry 619 Tanks in Combat for Populated Areas Ziberov 2 1940 AirInfantry 620 Cavalry March Training Moiseyev-Cherkasskiy 3 1940 AirInfantry 621 Assault Groups Zaitzev 1 1944 AssaultGroups 622 German Tactics of Combating Guerrillas Soviet handbook 1 1942 AssaultGroups 623 Tank Destroyer Unit in Meeting Engagement Kolomeytzev 2 1943 AssaultGroups 624 Crossing the Dnieper Milovanov 3 1943 AssaultGroups 625 Mobile Detachments in Pursuit Koroteev 4 1943 AssaultGroups 626 Cooperation Between Infantry and Tanks Slavyanov 2 1944 AssaultGroups 627 German-Rumanian Field Fortifications Northwest of Stalingrad Gnedowskii 5 1943 AssaultGroups 628 Tanks In a Forest Battle Vegerchuk 6 1943 AltanticWall 629 Tactics of Soviet Antitank Riflemen unattributed 2 1942 AtlanticWall 630 Artillery Support of Attacking Tanks Kolomeytsev 7 1943 DieppeAndCherbourg 631 "Combined Marches" in Regrouping Operations Zeidner 8 1943 DieppeAndCherbourg 632 Employment of Smoke in Attack Isaiuk 1 1945 EmploymentofSmoke 633 Antiaircraft Defense of Large Mechanized Units Shopenko 2 1945 EmploymentofSmoke 634 Employment of Self-Propelled Artillery Khainatsky 3 1945 EmploymentSelfArtillery 635 Countering German Reconnaissance Kosarev 9 1943 GermanFieldFortifications 636 The Aviation Commander in Combat Denisov 3 1942 GermanParatroopers… 637 German Tank Tactics in Russia Zubkov 10 1943 GermanParatroopers… 638 Air Reconnaissance Vinogradov 11 1943 GermanParatroopers… 639 Military Secrecy unattributed 12 1943 GermanParatroopers… 640 Antitank Strongpoints Korol 13 1943 GermanParatroopers… 641 Employment of Armored Trains Morozov 14 1943 GermanParatroopers… 642 Night Combat unattributed 15 1943 GermanParatroopers… 643 Mobile Obstacle-Building Reserves Lvov 16 1943 GermanParatroopers… 644 Tanks In Attack unattributed 17 1943 GermanParatroopers… 645 Assault Groups versus Armored Belts Azbukin 4 1945 JapaneseInvasionIndia 646 Overcoming Artificial Barriers Sochilov 4 1940 JapaneseAirPower 647 Organization of River-Forcing Operations Blagodatov 18 1943 NewGermanAntiTank 648 Notes on Street Fighting Iakovlev 5 1945 NoteOnStreet 649 Reconnaissance in Large Cities Velenetz 6 1945 Reconnaissancelarge… 650 The Power of Infantry Fire Pruntzov 3 1944 ReportFlyingBomb 651 How the City of Yukhnov Was Captured unattributed 4 1942 sovietarticle 652 Tank Attacks on Occupied Villages unattributed 5 1942 sovietarticle 653 German Defense in Encirclement unattributed 6 1942 sovietarticle 654 Artillery of a German Tank Division unattributed 7 1942 sovietarticle 655 Destruction of Enemy Front Line by Aviation unattributed 8 1942 sovietarticle 656 Penetration unattributed 9 1942 sovietarticle 657 German Defensive Reinforcements unattributed 10 1942 sovietarticle 658 Planning An Attack Against a Village unattributed 11 1942 sovietarticle 659 Overcoming Mine Obstacles unattributed 12 1942 sovietarticle 660 Defeat of a German Center of Resistance unattributed 13 1942 sovietarticle 661 Principles of Modern Defense unattributed 14 1942 sovietarticle 662 Soviet Aviation Versus German Reserves Komarov 4 1944 SovietAviationVersus1944 663 Tank Attack in Wodded Terrain Belogorsky 1 1946 TankAttackWooded 664 The Commander's Place in Battle Vladimirov 19 1943 TheCommandersPlace 665 Self-Propelled Artillery Nozdrunov 20 1943 TheCommandersPlace 666 Pursuit Andriyuk 21 1943 TheCommandersPlace 667 Destruction of Pillboxes by Sapper Assault Groups Rubchinskii 22 1943 TheCommandersPlace 668 Massed Fire in Defense Khitrov 23 1943 TheCommandersPlace 669 Reconnaissance in Mobile Combat Cherepanov 24 1943 TheCommandersPlace 670 Movable Crossings Serenko 25 1943 TheCommandersPlace 671 Air Support of Ground Action Vasilyev 26 1943 TheSicilianCampaign 672 German Self-Propelled Artillery Kotelkin 27 1943 TheSicilianCampaign 673 Heavy Artillery in Battle for Centers of Resistance Pastukh 28 1943 TheSicilianCampaign 674 Tank Fighting in Destruction of Enemy Concentrations Arsentyev 29 1943 TheSicilianCampaign 675 Night Operations unattributed 30 1943 TheSicilianCampaign 676 Field Artillery vs. Hostile Planes Larionov 31 1943 TheSicilianCampaign 677 Point-Blank Fire unattributed 32 1943 TheSicilianCampaign 678 Fighting the "Tiger" and "Ferdinand" Vysckoostrovski 33 1943 TheSicilianCampaign 679 Clearing Road Blocks Under Fire Menshikov 34 1943 TheSicilianCampaign 680 Use of Mines in Offensive Operations Kharchenko 5 1944 UseOfMinesOffense1944 681 Fighting Enemy Mortars Gembeev

Production Totals for the "Tiger II": http://www.homepurchaseprogram.com/tiger2.html 1943/12 - 02 > 02 1944/01 - 03 > 05 1944/02 - 05 > 10 1944/03 - 06 > 16 1944/04 - 06 > 22 1944/05 - 15 > 37 1944/06 - 32 > 69 1944/07 - 45 > 114 1944/08 - 84 > 198 1944/09 - 73 > 271 1944/10 - 26 > 297 1944/11 - 22 > 319 1944/12 - 60 > 379 1945/01 - 40 > 419 1945/02 - 42 > 461 1945/03 - 18 > 479 * Not many of these large/heavy 'Juggernauts',...and the slow tortuous process of cranking up production show's just how difficult it was to get a new production line off the ground in Germany's wartime condition's!.* [ December 13, 2004, 09:58 AM: Message edited by: Retributar ]

Military Aid to the USSR http://www.battlefield.ru/library/lend/intro.html During the winter 1941-42 the deliveries from USA has begun. For the first time this tanks took part in battles in the spring 1942. Unfortunately although on excellent conditions for the crew and quite enough firepower this tank wasn't match to the Eastern Front conditions. On responses of Russian tankers it was rather mediocre SP-gun then good tank. Nevertheless one thousand three hundred M3A3 and A5 tanks was lended to the USSR. The Red Army received 2007 M4A2s (Sherman) with 75 mm gun and 2095 M4A2 Shermans with 76 mm gun. October 1941 to June 1942 Aircraft 1285 Tanks 2249 Machine-guns 81287 Explosives, pounds 59455620 Trucks 36825 Field telephones 56445 Telephone wire, km 600000 1942 and 1943 Aircraft 3052 Tanks 4084 Vehicles 520000 Fighter Aircraft P-39 5707 (4719 reached the USSR) P-40 2397 P-47 195 P-63 2397 (21 lost in transfer) Hurricane 2952 Spitfire 1331 Total: 14982 Bomber and Attack Aircraft A-20 2908 B-25 862 B-24 1 Hampden 23 Albemarle 14 Mosquito 1 Total 3809 Total Aircraft Delivered - 18,791 Total USSR Aircraft Production- 139,748 Besides the tanks, Allies delivered a plenty of APCs. Before war the Red Army did not have any good APC model. In the summer 1943 the deliveries of tracked "Universal" (Great Britain), wheeled M3A1 (USA), halftracked M3, M5 (USA) have begun. In general, military aid to the Soviet Union offeref a great help in the 1941-43 but becomes insignificant at the end of war with the Soviet industry growing.

The trouble is...is that your unit creation dates are not going to match the historical unit creation dates...neither are your units going to historically move off to where they originally did...the only way for you to have what you are asking for...is for the game to do all the unit building irregardless of what happens in the game. I believe that SC2 will start with the historical map and units...but, then ... from there... you decide what to do and when...as well as when and what units you will create...therefore...for the game program to start assigning names to your units is now no longer practical...as your build preferences and specifications will no longer match what was originally commissioned.

I don't believe that too-much will be in the way of historical names...for units that you create after the initial game start-up,...i would think that...that will be the 'Onus' on the player himself to do that. A half hour or so internet search should be enough to find what-ever historical unit names you might want/need for which-ever country. Again, as alway's...you will get a reply from the game tester's as to 'exactly what will be'.

Panzer Statistics http://www.achtungpanzer.com/prod.htm Statistics for selected models: Sd.Kfz. Type: Production period: Number produced: 101 PzKpfw I 1934-1943 1563 121 PzKpfw II 1935-1944 1924 (LT-35) PzKpfw 35(t) 1935-1939 424 140 PzKpfw 38(t) 1938-1942 1411 138/2 Jagdpanzer 38(t) Hetzer 1944-1945 2584 141 PzKpfw III 1936-1944 5733 142/167 Stug III/IV 1940-1945 10548 161 PzKpfw IV 1936-1945 8544 171 PzKpfw V Panther 1942-1945 5976 173 Panzerjager V Jagdpanther 1944-1945 425 181 PzKpfw VI Tiger 1942-1944 1355 184 Panzerjager Ferdinand/Elephant 1943 90 182 Tiger II Ausf. B "Konigstiger" 1944-1945 489 186 Jagdpanzer VI Jagdtiger 1944-1945 85 Note: In some cases not all of the chassis were used for tank production, numbers were used for various conversions. Comparison Chart for selected models: Model: Crew: Armament: Max. Armor Thickness: Road Range: PzKpfw 38(t) Ausf A 4 37mm L/48.7 25mm 250km PzKpfw III Ausf M 5 50mm L/60 57mm 155km PzKpfw IV Ausf H 5 75mm L/48 80mm 210km PzKpfw V Panther Ausf G 5 75mm L/70 110mm 200km PzKpfw VI Tiger 5 88mm L/56 100mm 140km PzKpfw VI Tiger II 5 88mm L/71 180mm 170km Soviet T-34/76B 4 76.2mm L/41.2 65mm 450km Soviet T-34/85 5 85mm L/51.5 85mm L/54.6 75mm 240km Soviet JS-II 4 122mm L/43 120mm 250km American M4A1 Sherman 5 75mm L/37.5 76mm 196km American M4A4 Sherman 5 75mm L/37.5 76mm 160km Prices of selected models: Model: Price in Reichsmarks (RM): Volkswagen Käfer (VW Beetle) 990 Opel Kadett 2100 DKW Meisterklasse 2350 Ford Taunus 2870 Adler Triumph Junior 2950 Sd.Kfz.6 30000 Sd.Kfz.7 36000 Sd.Kfz.8 46000 Sd.Kfz.9 60000 Sd.Kfz.10 15000 Sd.Kfz.11 22000 PzKpfw II Ausf a 52640 with armament PzKpfw II Ausf B 38000 w/o armament PzKpfw II Ausf F 49228 w/o armament / 52728 with armament Sturmpanzer II Bison 53000 with armament PzKpfw III Ausf M 96183 w/o armament / 103163 w/o radio Stug III Ausf G 82500 with armament & radio PzKpfw IV Ausf F2 115962 with armament & radio 75mm KwK 37 L/24 8000 75mm StuK 37 L/24 9150 75mm StuK 40 L/43 12500 75mm KwK 42 L/70 12000 PzKpfw VI Tiger 250800 w/o armament & radio / 299800 with armament & radio PzKpfw VI Tiger II 321500 with armament & radio German Machine Guns Used in Armored Fighting Vehicles: Data Maschinengewehr 13 (MG 13) Maschinengewehr 34 (MG 34) Maschinengewehr 42 (MG 42) Calibre: 7.92mm 7.92mm 7.92mm Lenght: 1466mm 1219mm 1220mm Barrel Lenght: 717mm 627mm 533mm Weight Empty: 10.89kg 11.50kg (with bipod) 11.50kg (with bipod) Muzzle Velocity: 823m/s 755m/s 755m/s Rate of Fire: 650rpm 800-900rpm 1500rpm Type of Feed: 25 round box magazine 75 round saddle drum 50 round belt linked to form 250 rounds 75 round saddle drum 50 round belt German vs. Soviet AFV losses - 1941-45: Period: Ratio: Period: Ratio: 06/41-02/42 1:5.0 12/43-06/44 1:1.4 03/42-05/42 1:6.6 07/44 1:4.0 06/42-10/42 1:7.9 08/44 1:2.0 11/42-03/43 1:1.3 09/44 1:1.0 04/43-08/43 1:5.7 10/43-11/44 1:1.3 09/43-11/43 1:2.5 - - Armored Fighting Vehicles Production 1939-45: 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 Germany 1359 2200 5200 9200 17300 22100 4400 Soviet Union 2794 6590 24446 24089 28963 15419 Human Losses: Country/ Military Personel/ Civilians > (incl. partisans and resistance fighters if applicable) USSR 13.000.000 7.000.000 Germany 3.500.000 3.800.000 Poland 120.000 5.300.000 Yugoslavia 300.000 1.300.000 Romania 200.000 465.000 France 250.000 360.000 British Empire and Commonwealth 452.000 60.000 Italy 330.000 80.000 Hungary 120.000 280.000 Czechoslovakia 10.000 330.000 German Armed Forces, Strength and Losses 1939-1944: Date Active Strength (in millions) Cumulative Losses (in millions) Total Mobilized (in millions) May 31 / 1939 1.4 - 1.4 May 31 / 1940 5.6 0.085 5.7 May 31 / 1941 7.2 0.185 7.4 May 31 / 1942 8.6 0.800 9.4 May 31 / 1943 9.5 1.700 11.2 May 31 / 1944 9.1 3.300 12.4 September 30 / 1944 9.1 3.900 13.0

More Statistics For The Statistically Minded: http://rhino.shef.ac.uk:3001/mr-home/hobbies/gnp.txt Mark Harrison, ³Accounting for war: Soviet production, employement and defence burden, 1940 - 1945², Cambridge University press 1996. Table 5.17. GNP of the great powers, 1939-45 (billions international dollars and 1985 prices) 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1. USA 788 851 1001 1190 1407 1522 1494 2. UK 215 237 258 265 271 260 249 3. USSR 308 345 297 227 252 300 284 4. Germany 271 273 290 294 300 308 216 5. Italy 114 115 114 112 102 83 65 6. Japan 135 139 141 141 143 136 68 Rows 1,2,4,5,6 from Maddison, A. ³Dynamic forces in capitalist development: a long-run comparative view², Oxford, 1991. Row 3 Harrison¹s responsibility***. Table 5.18. The military burden: five great powers, 1939 - 44 (per cent of national income) 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1. USA 2 3 14 40 53 54 2. UK 15 44 53 52 55 53 3. USSR 17 28 61 61 53 4. Germany 32 49 56 66 71 5. Italy 10 21 30 31 40 Rows (per cent of): 1. NNP at current factor cost (Harrison, Economic History Review, 2nd ser., vol 41(2), 1988, pp.171-92) 2. net national expenditure at current prices (Howlett, P., in ³The economic history of Britain since 1700², 2nd ed., vol 3, Cambridge, pp. 1-31) 3. GNP at 1937 factor cost (Harrison¹s responsibility***) 4. NNP at current prices (Overy, R.J. ³War and economy of the Third Reich², Oxford, 1994. 5. GDP at current prices (Zamagni, V. ³The economic history of Italy, 1860-1990: recovery after decline², Oxford, 1993. *** Harrison makes a case by treating the Soviet production at 1937 factor cost (or prices) instead of current factor cost (or prices). Should not he do the same with the others? Hessel Duncan Hall, ³North American Supply², Her Majesty¹s Stationery Office, London, 1955, p. 421. Volume of munition produced (billions of 1944 US dollars) 1935-1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 US 1.5 1.5 4.5 20 38 42 Canada 0.5 1 1.5 1.5 UK 2.5 3.5 6.5 9 11 11 USSR** 8 5 8.5 11.5 14 16 Germany 12 6 6 8.5 13.5 17 Japan 2 1 2 3 4.5 6 ** Current prices, perhaps. -- D. Protsenko

This is Some of what we will strive for!... http://gunpoint-3d.com/list-planes_german.html Focke-Wulf Ta 183 fighter He 177 “Greif” Germany,1942 M-103 “Patton” The American AFV: superheavy tank T28 (105-mm Gun Motor Carriage T95) King Tiger (Tiger II, König Tiger) JagdTiger VI B (SdKfz 186), 1944 Heavy Tank, IS-2 "The most powerful tank in service well after the end of the Second World War, the Iosef Stalin series was based on the KV-1 heavy tank. The IS-2 tank first appeared in early 1944, and spearheaded the Soviet drive into Germany. A close-support version was built in the ISU-152, which was fitted with the massive 152mm Model 1937 howitzer (13d6/4y HE). Nicknamed "Zveroboy", early versions were first made available at the Battle of Kursk in 1943." ISU-152 Model 1944 [ December 13, 2004, 05:51 AM: Message edited by: Retributar ]

We want both!...Historical First,...then the rest for fun & experimentation.

I agree with you Edwin P. that i too wished that Oil was represented in the game as well as Electric Power Plants ...both, if which were systematically targeted could have brought the war to a speedier conclusion...which makes a very good case for the Allied Bombing Effort... If it had been conducted more effectively ...could have forced Germany to give up much sooner!. 'We have discussed these subject's before',...but it's worth bringing it up again...as these resources were even more critical than industrial targets or mining targets or other targets...yet, seems to have been passed over as being not so nearly important to take account of!. Remember the..." " The United States Strategic Bombing Survey" that was mentioned earlier in a previous topic..." Will Allied Strategic Bombing Have Any Effect On The Game? "... http://www.battlefront.com/cgi-bin/bbs/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=34;t=000350 Here's a quote from another web-site... http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?t=6169 orcrist Member: Posted: 23 Aug 2002 13:24 The American publication produced after the war " The United States Strategic Bombing Survey" also make the point that the Much vaunted German power grid was in fact a very flimsy affair and probably would have fallen over with catastrophic consequences for the German war effort had the Allies attempted a systematic assault on it. Fortunatley for Germany such an attack was never made either by the British who were more intersted in pushing their area bombing campaign or the Americans . Why the Americans did not have a crack at it is very surprising indeed. Orcrist [ December 10, 2004, 01:46 AM: Message edited by: Retributar ]

German industrial capacity: http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?t=44888 hauptmannn Member: Posted: 07 Mar 2004 11:27 "We have all heard of Germany's lack of industrial capacity to produce tanks, trucks, weapons, aircraft, etc. And that the allies surpassed the axis in production of equipment and weapons. What i do not understand is why Germany could not build more factories for example, was it because of the lack of raw materials? manpower? resources to run them, e.g. oil?" Prit Member: Posted: 07 Mar 2004 12:15 "It's a very complicated question. Here are some answers, in no particular order. Firstly, Germany lacked an indigenous source of good-quality iron ore . Goering tried to make Germany self-sufficient in iron ore by a huge programme of building plant's to process the low-grade ore from German mines, but this was never going to produce enough iron and steel for Germany's needs. Secondly, Germany was hamstrung by fuel shortages . The synthetic oil programme was designed to be ready for war by 1943-4, and was never able to produce enough to satisfy Germany's needs . The Rumanian oil wells helped, but there was still a constant shortage. Thirdly, resources were deployed very badly. Goering had little grasp of economic and industrial realities , and appointed people like Udet because he could dominate them, not because they had any particular talent or aptitude. The result was an extremely inefficient use of resources . For example, Udet allocate 9 tons of aluminium per aircraft manufactured, regardless of the aircraft type. As a result, Messerschmidt was inundated with surplus aluminium that could have been used elsewhere . Also, not enough attention was paid to what was purchased. The British and Americans, for example, tended to order two aero engines per mounted engine; the German ratio was nearer 1.4. Consequently, aircraft were often immobilised for lack of spares or replacement engines. Fourthly, Germany suffered from severe manpower shortages . The initial mobilisation took little account of essential workers, and many men had to be returned to civilian life after enlistment in order to restore production. Even the widespread use of migrant and slave labour failed completely to address the issue. Goering's original plan was to mobilise far more women workers, but this met resistance from Hitler and others. < "Finally!!!...an idea that would have worked...as it did in America!." Also, the manpower that was available was often used inefficiently. Productivity in the German armaments industry, pre-1943, was far lower per worker than in Britain, let alone the USA. When Speer got a grip of the problems, he demonstrated what was possible - German armaments production peaked in the third quarter of 1944, despite years of bombing, using the same resources that were used in 1940. Speer said after the war that if resources had been used properly from the outset, the Wehrmacht could easily have had twice as many tanks, trucks etc at the outset of Barbarossa as was actually the case. Hope that helps - I'm sure other issues were involved too." Prit [ December 10, 2004, 02:10 AM: Message edited by: Retributar ]

Yes Edwin P. i think that all the 'Major Capitals' should reflect their main identity mark...that would add a nice flavour to the game and make it much easier to identify which city is which!. If for example...as you say that: "Thus if a country is limited to 20 units they they could build 22 if they controlled 2 oil tiles and 24 if they controled 4 oil tiles." Then if the oil does then not exist to suppy them,... that country could elect to have the unit on standby with very restricted movement and wait for future supply to be available... or have the Motorized/Mechanized units put in reserve for replacement purposes...and convert the balance of the unit into a 'Leg-Infantry' Formation.

Wire Guided!,...much faster than torpedo's!,... & cant miss!. This would only be useful when it was too dark for aircraft to see visually...as any daytime attack ...surface or underwater was too dangerous anyway... . And if these wire guided missles are 'much faster' than torpedo's...then, a sub would have more time to submerge after launch. Twice to four times as much time i dont know!. This was just a hypothetical thought that came to mind...i have no idea if it was ever tested or concerned with.

Yes...this game is 1st and formost a 'Land Battle' game...and all else is 2ndry!.

Shaka of Carthage ... yes, what you say makes sense...but, at the same time...the game needs to be able to replicate historicity to make it what it is/was. There's production numbers of course...and as well as qualitative issues and other issues which are not factored into production numbers alone. Hence!...a very-fine 'fudging/balancing' act is required to produce a game which as closely as reasonably possibly can replicate the feel and atmosphere of the actual WW2 European conflict!. You look like 'Your The Main-Man'...that could/might assist Hubert in this aspect of fine tuning the game!. Then!!!...as you say... ...And this is the part of the game that i hate to see happen...for 'A-Historical-Game'. So this is where more 'Magician-Work' is 'again' required!. ---Perhap's a built in 'Game Adjuster Program' can be included as an option for a True-Historical game-play of SC2. By the same token...as i would very much like to toggle that 'Game Adjuster Program' 'ON'...i would like to be able to toggle it off to experiment with alternate outcomes. The Editor will assist in that i hope!.

Shaka Of Carthage: Overall...your assessment of the allied bomber air arm is what i can agree with...but, the bomber forces could have been more effective than they were historically. For example... i will take this excerpt from another posting... http://www.battlefront.com/discuss/ultimatebb.php?ubb=get_topic;f=34;t=000542 German strategic assessment of the war -- (Dated...7 Nov 1943) " at this particular time, when the superior range of the enemy air arm is inflicting grave injury to the center of the Reich" "That things are getting warm on the East front, must be admitted; however no success gained by the enemy is directly fatal there, with the exception of the loss of the Roumanian oil region." *So if the Allied Bomber Formations had concentrated more-effort on Oil-Production-Bombing for example...earlier on instead of later on and with more force...the war could have been forced to an earlier conclusion!.* ----------------------- ----Also besides Fighter-Aircraft assisting to protect Industrial Targets...should we not also include "Anti-Aircraft-Gun" investment/deployment to these locations?. I don't know how effective Anti-Aircraft-Gun's were for Germany...but, they continued to employ them in large numbers throughout the war to the very end,...so they must have had some significant effect!. http://www.freewebs.com/mahross/aerialwarfare.htm Militarily the campaign was a constant battle to improve tactics and methods as seen with the development of more effective delivery systems. Also the campaign managed to tie up countless numbers of Germans in defending the Reich. The campaign helped to shape and distort German output. From 1943, 75% of all 88mm flak/anti-tank guns went to anti-aircraft duties inside the Reich. In terms of manpower, the campaign forced the Nazis to employ between 1 and 2 million personnel in anti bombing duties. These could have been better employed elsewhere, for example, in the Wehrmacht or in the factories. The bombing also decreased production in other important areas such as lorry production, where in 1944 42% of production was lost due to bombing raids. Also the campaign led to the virtual destruction of Luftwaffe which gave the Allies complete air supremacy and led to the success of the Operation Overlord and subsequent operations. Cheaper than buying fighters...but more expensive in manpower...though most anti-aircraft-gun personnel were between 15 '+' or '-' to 17 years of age,...usually below conscription age for the armed forces. So in effect...manning these guns was not a real-true-drain on Germany's manpower pools. [ December 10, 2004, 01:59 AM: Message edited by: Retributar ]

True enough JerseyJohn ... i agree with you...so then...but why then did they continue to use slave-labor until the end of the war?. Even though it is as you say and i agree with...they still must have concluded that they were ahead in the game by continuing on with this process!...i don't really know the answer to this question!.

SeaMonkey That's what "IMPERIUM GALACTICA II" did... Glad to see you make this known...this feature will satisfy all spectrum's of player's...leaving it up to the individual player to decide how deep or shallow he want's to go into his particular game!." [ December 09, 2004, 05:07 PM: Message edited by: Retributar ]

The German's & i presume...the Russian's had a source of ' Industrial Output = MPP's that the other nation's did not really utilize...and would be a resource that only they could use!...this would save Germany & Russia the expenditure of some of their MPP point reserves!. This additional Construction Force which is/was a 'Forced-Manpower-Pool' could be directed to build the Atlantic-Wall...Above ground & Underground Industrial Production Facilities & as well as Actual Production ( EG:V2 Rocket's , ME-262 Jet's etc. )--V1 & V2 Rocket sites---the Zig-Freid-Line---or what-ever other project's that might be in the game. From the posting: Want to make bombers useful/important? http://www.battlefront.com/discuss/ultimatebb.php?ubb=get_topic;f=34;t=000544 "...as the war progressed...the German's were forced to move more & more of their industry underground!,..provision in the Bomb-Damage %Calculation's can be adjusted to factor this element in as well...there-by helping to reduce the bomb-damage inflicted by the Bomber-Forces. Investment MPP's could be used in conjunction with slave-labor to effect or implement UNDERGROUND-PRODUCTION-FACILITIES ...which could also increase in effectiveness with increased investment!...particularily with inmate or slave-labor investment...& not so much as far as 'MPP' investment!. http://www.vex.com/~nizkor/hweb/camps/gusen/gudest1x.htm Deutsche Erd- und Steinwerke GmbH (D. E. S. T.) In 1942 and 1943 DEST also begun manufacturing fuselages for the Messerschmitt "Me-109" fighter-planes. During this period, some 20 fuselages were produced by KZ Gusen inmates every week. Then, in late 1943, when the U.S. strategic bombings devastated some key war-production facilities of the Third Reich, DEST provided huge tunnel-systems in the vicinity of the KZ Gusen for its commercial partners. At first, they have begun to dig the "KELLERBAU" tunnels to shelter the machine-gun production of Steyr-Daimler-Puch AG directly north of the KZ Gusen "GEORGEN-MUEHLE" (Steyr) Barracks. Later on, a second, much bigger underground system was built in neighboring St.Georgen/Gusen (site of the Central Administration) to shelter the production of "Me-262" Messerschmitt-Airplanes in the "BERGKRISTALL-ESCHE 2" underground plant. To manage this project, DEST established a new, second concentration camp at Gusen - the KZ Gusen II. This camp was only established "to manage" the thousands of new inmates sent to KZ Gusen to build the giant underground system at nearby St.Georgen/Gusen. With this latest KZ Gusen II (BERGKRISTALL) Project, DEST became one of the leading sub-contractors of Messerschmitt GmbH. So, at the end of WW2, nearly 1/3 of all the Messerschmitt aircraft-production was provided by DEST with the concentration camps at Mauthausen-Gusen and Flossenbuerg. KZ Gusen II (the Hell of Hells), was the key-installation within this plan, because it was dedicated to the final-assembly of the first serially-produced jet-propelled plane in history." [ December 09, 2004, 04:10 PM: Message edited by: Retributar ]

Edwin P ...Yes!!!...i would love to have an American Civil War Variant of SC2...but,not with using WW2 Icon's. What we need here is to enlist the talent's of someone to make it as feasibly as easily as possible to create/generate new Icon-Units for SC2 for different time periods... or for that matter WW2. It's been done for nearly most other games... whynot this one?.