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blindseye

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  1. Strange, I set up mortars exclusively in heavy woods or light woods on hills with lines of sight, admittedly near the edge of the woods. To date, after hundreds of battles fought, I have not noticed any detrimental effect from firing mortars from woods. I have never tried to fire them from inside a house however.
  2. I am trying to initiate an IP game with a friend, both of us have ADSL and it looks like we are behind proxy server, as all our IPCONFIG shows is: C:\>ipconfig Windows 2000 IP Configuration Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : biltmorecomm.com IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.99 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.1 Is there anyway for us to establish a connection?
  3. Combat Mission attracts young and old, experienced and inexperienced computer users alike. Recently, I was disturbed to read a post about some of you receiving viruses causing damage to your systems and worms leaving your PC's vulnerable to hackers. Since many of us play games via emailed moves (PBEM), with multiple partners, we could easily and very quickly start infecting our friends' computers. Some of you made some good suggestions in reply to that 'cry for help' post, to help out the less fortunate. It made me realize that gamers, usually the cutting edge of knowledge about computers, may not all be wise to the ways of keeping their PC's safe and stable. Therefore, I am giving you all some free advice. That is what it is, and what it is worth. It is based on my own training, knowledge and experience over many years of working with computers, programming, working in IT, etc. Please practice safe computing, as the damage that virus programs can cause and the effective worm/zombie programs that hackers use to illegally access your system are increasing rapidly, especially with the increase of constantly-connected home computers bought about by the increasing use of ADSL and cable modems. Please find, pasted below, some advice about maintaining a stable Windows operating system. These are tricks that I have learned over the years, and that I am sure most of you have heard about before and probably, hopefully, practice anyway. This information is strictly to be used at your own risk. If you have questions or problems as a result of following any of these procedures, I will try to help you if you post here, but I make no promises. If you do not feel comfortable doing some or any of the below, then don't! These are basic maintenance tips that I have compiled while working in IT over the years. You should perform these tasks as often as necessary to protect and maintain peak performance on your computer, but no less than once a month. When instructions are given to type certain commands, be sure to type them EXACTLY! Remember, "/" is not the same as "\", and ";" is not the same as ":", etc. ============================ With the amount of information available for download on the internet, it's easy to quickly fill up your valuable hard drive space and turn your computer into a sluggish, unresponsive monster. Keeping your hard drive clean is essential to the high performance that the latest computers can achieve. Fortunately, it's a fairly simple process; one that can easily be performed on a regular basis and, with some organization, keep your computer running like a well-oiled machine. You can discover how much hard drive space is available on your computer by opening My Computer, and right clicking on each hard drive and selecting Properties. A pie graph will show you the amount of used and unused space for each of your drives. Any hard disk that is over half full will start to degrade your system's performance. Check this often to keep an idea of how much space you are using. ================================ 1. Before you start, back up your system! Below are some simple steps to clearing up your hard drive, but before you start, please do a complete back up of your system if you have the capability, or at least back up important files, email, address book, etc. Windows operating systems provide many ways to do the same thing, if you have a way to do any of the below that you are more comfortable using, then by all means use your method. The tips I provide below are fairly basic to Windows operating systems in general, but please realize that there are differences between various Windows operating systems (I use Windows2000), so if the instructions below do not exactly comport with your operating system, please do not proceed unless you know what you are doing. The quick way to make a backup is to open My Computer, right click on each hard drive in turn, select Properties, then select the Tools tab, then backup, then click the Backup Now button. Carefully read all the options to setup your backup, then run the backup and save the file to another medium, tape, ZIP drive, diskettes, etc. Since not everyone has this capability, then backup to your hard disk as a last resort. Make a folder called Backup, and save the backup file there. Each week, you can do an incremental backup to add new files to the backup archive file. If disaster does strike, you might be able to salvage your system from here. ============================ 2. Make an emergency repair or recovery diskette! While I am on the subject of backup, please make a bootable floppy diskette. While in the backup program, click on the Tools, Create an Emergency Repair Disk. Your anti-virus program usually also allows you to create bootable recovery diskette(s). Make them now, carefully label them, save them, and you will some day thank me! =============================== 3. Uninstall unused programs. Many times a new program will come along that looks fun to have or play with, but after a week or two you simply stop using it. These programs clutter up your drive and take up valuable space. You might be tempted to delete these programs from your drive, but doing so will cause problems. You must use the uninstall function of Windows for the program to be removed safely and completely. Use Start > Settings > Control Panel > Add/Remove Programs, browse through the list and uninstall what you are no longer using. =============================== 4. Clean out temporary files. When your computer is not shut down properly, it will pass information from memory into fragmented files. Also, while you are running programs, your computer will write information that it does not immediately need into temporary files. Installation files will also expand themselves into the temporary folder and will not always clean up after themselves. You can delete these temporary files safely by using the Disk Cleanup option in your System Tools folder, use Start > Programs > Accessories > System Tools, or use: Start > Search > For Files and Folders or Start > Find > Files > *.tmp <http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html>,'>http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html>, *.gid <http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html>,'>http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html>, *.chk <http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html> (You can copy and paste or type it just like that, all three separated by a comma and a space.) Click the first one in the list to highlight it, then hold down Control and press A. This will select all the items in the box. Now press Delete. Confirm. Occasionally, a file or two may be in use by Windows, and you will get an "Access Denied" error message. This is fine. Just skip those files. However, once you get that error, the deletion process will cease, and you will need to pick up where Windows left off. Remember to empty your Recycle Bin often. Notes: *.tmp: Temp files. These are automatically created when you print, download, or perform other routine tasks in Windows. *.gid: Graphic index for Help files. These are the "interface", if you will, of help files. They can be huge! Whenever you access a program's online help files and see "Preparing Help file for first use", a .gid file is being created. They will be automatically recreated if you ever open the Help file again. In the meantime, it's just another file that doesn't need to be defragged. *.chk: Check files. These are the files that Scandisk creates if you let it save lost clusters as files. Open them with WordPad or Notepad if you want to see what they contain, but 99% of the time it's just gibberish. For advanced users: When that's done, Start > Shut Down > Restart in DOS mode. You will see a prompt that looks like this: C:\WINDOWS>_ or perhaps like this: C:\>_ At this prompt, type deltree c:\windows\temp\ and press Enter or Return. You will be asked to confirm deletion of each subdirectory in \temp. Over time, this directory can become cluttered with all kinds of junk, from that .wav you listened to on a website six months ago to a leftover piece of a program installation. If you're uncomfortable deleting entire directories like this, just remember this: EVERYTHING in \temp should be absolutely safe to delete. In fact, if everything worked the way it was supposed to files would never stay in \temp. However, having said that, I have deleted some files from the temp folder that were later needed by certain programs for various (poorly programmed) reasons. Therefore, do not delete it if you are not sure that it is unnecessary. ============================ 5. Empty your internet cache. As you surf the internet your computer stores web pages and images into a temporary internet cache folder so that it can quickly recall and access information when you move back and forth between pages. This backup information can quickly add up and eat hard drive space. Whether you use Internet Explorer (our preference), Netscape, or one of the other browsers available, emptying out your cache is quick and easy. Simply follow the instructions in the Help files located within those programs. You may also wish to set a specific maximum file size for your cache folder, so that it is not allowed to run rampant (I use the lowest setting possible). If you use IE, then right click the Internet Explorer icon on your desktop and click Properties. Click the buttons to empty your History and Temporary Internet Files. Set the History folder to keep files for 7 days or less (personal preference as to the length of time, but 7 days should be way more than enough, I set mine at 5 and have set it as low as 2 before). If right clicking the IE icon and choosing Properties does not present you with the options I mentioned, then you likely only have a shortcut on your desktop and not "the" IE icon. No problem, just go to Start > Settings > Control Panel > Internet Options and you'll find the buttons. ============================= 6. Empty your mail programs of clutter. It's easy to browse through your email and leave old messages there, promising yourself you'll sort them out later. One or two messages don't take up much space, but hundreds certainly do. Take the time to sort through these old emails now and delete what is not important. Create folders and organize what is left. Make it a habit that when new emails come in, they are either filed immediately or thrown away. Everyone is using different email programs, we recommend Microsoft Outlook (not Outlook Express), so I cannot give specific instructions for the following advice, you will have to look it up in your Help files. Set your email program to empty your deleted items folder each time you close your mail program. Set up your email program to periodically archive old email messages at least once a quarter, if not once a month. ============================= 7. Empty your recycle bin. Once you've emptied your drive of cluttering, unnecessary programs; empty your recycle bin to remove what has been placed there in the process. ============================= 8. Scandisk/Checkdisk and Defrag. When Windows installs programs, it will put the files it needs anywhere that it finds free space, and not directly after the last program installed. As a result, your hard drive has patches of empty space on it that are not big enough to fit a full program, and will result in a drive space error if you attempt to install something new. Scandisk or Checkdisk your drive to check for lost file fragments and to fix any errors it finds, then Defrag to pack all of the program files together at the beginning of your drive. This will clear out those empty patches and move all of the free space you've just created to the end of your drive. Once the temp directory is emptied, run Checkdisk (WindowsNT/2000) or Scandisk (for Windows95/98 just type scandisk at the DOS prompt and press enter). A surface scan is really not necessary unless you're having major problems. It takes a long time, and I've rarely had any problems there. At the most, a surface scan could be done once every couple of months. The quick way to run first scandisk/checkdisk and then defrag is to open My Computer, right click on each hard drive in turn, select Properties, then select the Tools tab, then Error Checking, check both boxes under Check Disk Options and then do the same for the Defrag program. For advanced users: When you've finished running Scandisk/Checkdisk, close down all running programs (except Explorer and Systray). To do this, right click or double click on the icons in the lower right down by the clock, and click Exit, Close, Pause, etc. Task Scheduler should also be paused. Just right click the icon in your systray and choose Pause Task Scheduler. Next, turn off your screen saver. Right-click a blank area of your desktop, click Properties, Screen Saver tab, and set your screen saver to None. While in this screen, if you have not already done so in the past, you should set your desktop's Power Management settings to "Always On". Not only will this help Defrag's performance, it will also keep your desktop from refusing to "wake up". Under "Energy Saving Features", click Settings. Set "System Standby" and "Power off hard disks" each to Never. Having your monitor shut off after a certain amount of time is fine. Note that you should not do this if you are using a laptop. Now run Defrag. The default location is Start > Programs > Accessories > System Tools. This will probably take a long time, especially if it's been a while since it was last done. Once it's finished, reboot and be sure to re-enable your screen saver if you use one (I do not, as they frequently cause problems, I prefer to simply turn off my monitor when I walk away from my desk). ==================================== 9. Clean out your Windows Registry! Here is a handy Microsoft tool to clean up your registry file, I recommend using it. "What the heck is the Windows Registry?" you ask? See explanation below. RegClean is very simple and can be backed out of if it causes any problems on your system. To date, I have used it many times with both my home and work systems and have never had any problems and it has cleaned out a lot of old, bad entries in my registry. See <http://www.createwindow.com/wininfo/regclean.htm> for download, install and operating instructions. The Windows Registry is a central hierarchical database used in Microsoft Windows 95, Microsoft Windows 98, Microsoft Windows CE, Microsoft Windows NT, and Microsoft Windows 2000 to store information necessary to configure the system for one or more users, applications and hardware devices. The Registry contains information that Windows continually references during operation, such as profiles for each user, the programs that are installed on the computer, and the types of documents that each program can create, property sheet settings for folders and program icons, what hardware is installed on the computer, and which ports are being used. The Registry replaces most of the text-based files that are used by MS-DOS and Windows 3.x, such as the Autoexec.bat and Config.sys files. Although the Windows Registry is common to several Windows platforms, certain differences exist between them. The Windows Registry is also referred to the System Registry. Although the Registry appears to be in one file, it is actually placed on your computer in two or possibly three files. These files are named System.dat, User.dat, and Policy.pol. The System.dat file records everything about the hardware that is installed in your computer. The User.dat file records everything that you have done to customize your Windows environment. The Policy.pol file records any restrictive policies that have been established for your computer, such as which individuals or groups are able to log on, and what programs on the computer are available for them to use. ==================================== 10. Install Anti-Virus Program and a Personal Firewall! I have been using a free anti-virus software product called InoculateIT from Computer Associates International, Inc. Unfortunately, I believe that free status just ended recently. You can download it at http://antivirus.cai.com. I have been using it for a couple of months, because it runs on Windows2000/NT, as well as Windows95/98/ME. It is super easy to update, all you do is click on a button and it goes and gets the latest signature files and updates them and/or the program files automatically. It works... it caught the LOVE BUG and another Word 97 Macro virus called Pri.A on my network. I recommend it highly. If you can't find it at CAI (I think they do not support it now) do a search on the Internet using Google (written in Python, an excellent and powerful glue language used to tie other programs together). Also, for those of you running networks and a personal web server and/or who are hooked up to the internet almost continuously via cable modem or ADSL/DSL lines, then you may also be interested in another free software product called Zone Alarm. Download a free copy at http://www.zonealarm.com/ to set up a firewall/mailsafe system. I occasionally have a few minor problems running it on WindowsNT/2000, and have had to uninstall and reinstall it a couple of times, however my friends running it on Windows98 have had no problems at all. It closes your open ports to hackers' scanning attacks. DO not bother with Black Ice Defender, it does not totally protect your system as well as Zone Alarm does. To see if you have any open ports use this website's excellent online, free test site: http://grc.com/ . If you can follow his technical instructions, you can follow his suggestions for closing your ports w/o using the Zone Alarm software. For power users, check out ZoneLog Analyzer shareware program at <http://www.zonelog.co.uk/>. This program analyzes the Zone Alarm text log file and really let's you figure out who is attacking your system. ===================================== 11. Update your Operating System! To automatically update your Windows operating system go to: http://windowsupdate.microsoft.com/ This site scans your PC and suggests upgrades to your operating system and browser. Very easy to use. To automatically update your Windows Office software go to: http://www.officeupdate.microsoft.com/ This site scans your PC and suggests upgrades to your operating system and browser. Very easy to use. Service Release 1 for Office 2000 just came out recently. ==================================== 12. Consider upgrading your hardware! Time is money. What is your time worth to you? $100 an hour? Hardware prices have come way down over the last year. I advise looking into upgrading your RAM, hard disk space, and your internet connection. If you spend $100 for more RAM, $200 for a bigger hard drive, and $50 a month for faster internet access, then that is $900 in a year. And if these improvements speed up the time it takes for you to get your work done and they save you nine hours of waiting for your PC or internet connection to finish the job, then you have broken even in a year. However, I would bet that they will save you dozens of hours over the course of a year, and therefore lots of time and money. To check your online connection's speed, use this online free test site: <http://computingcentral.msn.com/topics/bandwidth/speedtest.asp>. ======================================= 13. Organize your surfing habits. Direct all of your downloads to the same folder, so that you can easily find them and delete them when necessary, or move them to zip disks for storage. Keep track of the programs that you install. For trial versions, note the date that they will expire on a calendar. This will remind you to uninstall the programs that you can no longer use rather than allowing them to clutter up your drive. Also, if you run into problems, keeping track of new downloaded and installed programs and the date they were installed can help you track down the cause of problems. Remember that the cleaner your hard drive is, the better your machine will respond! In order for your computer to be user friendly, it must have a friendly user. Be your computer's best friend and clean out the cobwebs regularly. ==================================== 14. Save and print this email for future reference! Now that you've got it clean, keep it that way. Perform this quick maintenance routine every week. For your work computer, Friday afternoon before you leave for the weekend is the perfect time. When you return to work on Monday, you'll have a computer that is clutter-free and as responsive as it should be. ====================================== 15. Steal this post! Feel free to pass this information on to others. Post it on your own web sites, and email it to friends. ======================================== Good Gaming! [ 08-06-2001: Message edited by: blindseye ]
  4. Combat Mission attracts young and old, experienced and inexperienced computer users alike. Recently, I was disturbed to read a post about some of you receiving viruses causing damage to your systems and worms leaving your PC's vulnerable to hackers. Since many of us play games via emailed moves (PBEM), with multiple partners, we could easily and very quickly start infecting our friends' computers. Some of you made some good suggestions in reply to that 'cry for help' post, to help out the less fortunate. It made me realize that gamers, usually the cutting edge of knowledge about computers, may not all be wise to the ways of keeping their PC's safe and stable. Therefore, I am giving you all some free advice. That is what it is, and what it is worth. It is based on my own training, knowledge and experience over many years of working with computers, programming, working in IT, etc. Please practice safe computing, as the damage that virus programs can cause and the effective worm/zombie programs that hackers use to illegally access your system are increasing rapidly, especially with the increase of constantly-connected home computers bought about by the increasing use of ADSL and cable modems. Please find, pasted below, some advice about maintaining a stable Windows operating system. These are tricks that I have learned over the years, and that I am sure most of you have heard about before and probably, hopefully, practice anyway. This information is strictly to be used at your own risk. If you have questions or problems as a result of following any of these procedures, I will try to help you if you post here, but I make no promises. If you do not feel comfortable doing some or any of the below, then don't! Below are some basic maintenance tips that I have collected while working in IT over the years. You should perform these tasks as often as necessary to maintain peak performance on your computer, but no less than once a month. When instructions are given to type certain commands, be sure to type them EXACTLY! Remember, "/" is not the same as "\", and ";" is not the same as ":", etc. ============================ With the amount of information available for download on the internet, it's easy to quickly fill up your valuable hard drive space and turn your computer into a sluggish, unresponsive monster. Keeping your hard drive clean is essential to the high performance that the latest computers can achieve. Fortunately, it's a fairly simple process; one that can easily be performed on a regular basis and, with some organization, keep your computer running like a well-oiled machine. You can discover how much hard drive space is available on your computer by opening My Computer, and right clicking on each hard drive and selecting Properties. A pie graph will show you the amount of used and unused space for each of your drives. Any hard disk that is over half full will start to degrade your system's performance. Check this often to keep an idea of how much space you are using. ================================ 1. Before you start, back up your system! Below are some simple steps to clearing up your hard drive, but before you start, please do a complete back up of your system if you have the capability, or at least back up important files, email, address book, etc. Windows operating systems provide many ways to do the same thing, if you have a way to do any of the below that you are more comfortable using, then by all means use your method. The tips I provide below are fairly basic to Windows operating systems in general, but please realize that there are differences between various Windows operating systems (I use Windows2000), so if the instructions below do not exactly comport with your operating system, please do not proceed unless you know what you are doing. The quick way to make a backup is to open My Computer, right click on each hard drive in turn, select Properties, then select the Tools tab, then backup, then click the Backup Now button. Carefully read all the options to setup your backup, then run the backup and save the file to another medium, tape, ZIP drive, diskettes, etc. Since not everyone has this capability, then backup to your hard disk as a last resort. Make a folder called Backup, and save the backup file there. Each week, you can do an incremental backup to add new files to the backup archive file. If disaster does strike, you might be able to salvage your system from here. ============================ 2. Make an emergency repair or recovery diskette! While I am on the subject of backup, please make a bootable floppy diskette. While in the backup program, click on the Tools, Create an Emergency Repair Disk. Your anti-virus program usually also allows you to create bootable recovery diskette(s). Make them now, carefully label them, save them, and you will some day thank me! =============================== 3. Uninstall unused programs. Many times a new program will come along that looks fun to have or play with, but after a week or two you simply stop using it. These programs clutter up your drive and take up valuable space. You might be tempted to delete these programs from your drive, but doing so will cause problems. You must use the uninstall function of Windows for the program to be removed safely and completely. Use Start > Settings > Control Panel > Add/Remove Programs, browse through the list and uninstall what you are no longer using. =============================== 4. Clean out temporary files. When your computer is not shut down properly, it will pass information from memory into fragmented files. Also, while you are running programs, your computer will write information that it does not immediately need into temporary files. Installation files will also expand themselves into the temporary folder and will not always clean up after themselves. You can delete these temporary files safely by using the Disk Cleanup option in your System Tools folder, use Start > Programs > Accessories > System Tools, or use: Start > Search > For Files and Folders or Start > Find > Files > *.tmp <http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html>,'>http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html>, *.gid <http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html>,'>http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html>, *.chk <http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html> (You can copy and paste or type it just like that, all three separated by a comma and a space.) Click the first one in the list to highlight it, then hold down Control and press A. This will select all the items in the box. Now press Delete. Confirm. Occasionally, a file or two may be in use by Windows, and you will get an "Access Denied" error message. This is fine. Just skip those files. However, once you get that error, the deletion process will cease, and you will need to pick up where Windows left off. Remember to empty your Recycle Bin often. Notes: *.tmp: Temp files. These are automatically created when you print, download, or perform other routine tasks in Windows. *.gid: Graphic index for Help files. These are the "interface", if you will, of help files. They can be huge! Whenever you access a program's online help files and see "Preparing Help file for first use", a .gid file is being created. They will be automatically recreated if you ever open the Help file again. In the meantime, it's just another file that doesn't need to be defragged. *.chk: Check files. These are the files that Scandisk creates if you let it save lost clusters as files. Open them with WordPad or Notepad if you want to see what they contain, but 99% of the time it's just gibberish. For advanced users: When that's done, Start > Shut Down > Restart in DOS mode. You will see a prompt that looks like this: C:\WINDOWS>_ or perhaps like this: C:\>_ At this prompt, type deltree c:\windows\temp\ and press Enter or Return. You will be asked to confirm deletion of each subdirectory in \temp. Over time, this directory can become cluttered with all kinds of junk, from that .wav you listened to on a website six months ago to a leftover piece of a program installation. If you're uncomfortable deleting entire directories like this, just remember this: EVERYTHING in \temp should be absolutely safe to delete. In fact, if everything worked the way it was supposed to files would never stay in \temp. ============================ 5. Empty your internet cache. As you surf the internet your computer stores web pages and images into a temporary internet cache folder so that it can quickly recall and access information when you move back and forth between pages. This backup information can quickly add up and eat hard drive space. Whether you use Internet Explorer (our preference), Netscape, or one of the other browsers available, emptying out your cache is quick and easy. Simply follow the instructions in the Help files located within those programs. You may also wish to set a specific maximum file size for your cache folder, so that it is not allowed to run rampant (I use the lowest setting possible). If you use IE, then right click the Internet Explorer icon on your desktop and click Properties. Click the buttons to empty your History and Temporary Internet Files. Set the History folder to keep files for 7 days or less (personal preference as to the length of time, but 7 days should be way more than enough, I set mine at 5 and have set it as low as 2 before). If right clicking the IE icon and choosing Properties does not present you with the options I mentioned, then you likely only have a shortcut on your desktop and not "the" IE icon. No problem, just go to Start > Settings > Control Panel > Internet Options and you'll find the buttons. ============================= 6. Empty your mail programs of clutter. It's easy to browse through your email and leave old messages there, promising yourself you'll sort them out later. One or two messages don't take up much space, but hundreds certainly do. Take the time to sort through these old emails now and delete what is not important. Create folders and organize what is left. Make it a habit that when new emails come in, they are either filed immediately or thrown away. Everyone is using different email programs, we recommend Microsoft Outlook (not Outlook Express), so I cannot give specific instructions for the following advice, you will have to look it up in your Help files. Set your email program to empty your deleted items folder each time you close your mail program. Set up your email program to periodically archive old email messages at least once a quarter, if not once a month. ============================= 7. Empty your recycle bin. Once you've emptied your drive of cluttering, unnecessary programs; empty your recycle bin to remove what has been placed there in the process. ============================= 8. Scandisk/Checkdisk and Defrag. When Windows installs programs, it will put the files it needs anywhere that it finds free space, and not directly after the last program installed. As a result, your hard drive has patches of empty space on it that are not big enough to fit a full program, and will result in a drive space error if you attempt to install something new. Scandisk or Checkdisk your drive to check for lost file fragments and to fix any errors it finds, then Defrag to pack all of the program files together at the beginning of your drive. This will clear out those empty patches and move all of the free space you've just created to the end of your drive. Once the temp directory is emptied, run Checkdisk (WindowsNT/2000) or Scandisk (for Windows95/98 just type scandisk at the DOS prompt and press enter). A surface scan is really not necessary unless you're having major problems. It takes a long time, and I've rarely had any problems there. At the most, a surface scan could be done once every couple of months. The quick way to run first scandisk/checkdisk and then defrag is to open My Computer, right click on each hard drive in turn, select Properties, then select the Tools tab, then Error Checking, check both boxes under Check Disk Options and then do the same for the Defrag program. For advanced users: When you've finished running Scandisk/Checkdisk, close down all running programs (except Explorer and Systray). To do this, right click or double click on the icons in the lower right down by the clock, and click Exit, Close, Pause, etc. Task Scheduler should also be paused. Just right click the icon in your systray and choose Pause Task Scheduler. Next, turn off your screen saver. Right-click a blank area of your desktop, click Properties, Screen Saver tab, and set your screen saver to None. While in this screen, if you have not already done so in the past, you should set your desktop's Power Management settings to "Always On". Not only will this help Defrag's performance, it will also keep your desktop from refusing to "wake up". Under "Energy Saving Features", click Settings. Set "System Standby" and "Power off hard disks" each to Never. Having your monitor shut off after a certain amount of time is fine. Note that you should not do this if you are using a laptop. Now run Defrag. The default location is Start > Programs > Accessories > System Tools. This will probably take a long time, especially if it's been a while since it was last done. Once it's finished, reboot and be sure to re-enable your screen saver if you use one (I do not, as they frequently cause problems, I prefer to simply turn off my monitor when I walk away from my desk). ==================================== 9. Clean out your Windows Registry! Here is a handy Microsoft tool to clean up your registry file, I recommend using it. "What the heck is the Windows Registry?" you ask? See explanation pasted below. RegClean is very simple and can be backed out of if it causes any problems on your system. To date, I have used it many times with both my home and work systems and have never had any problems and it has cleaned out a lot of old, bad entries in my registry. See <http://www.createwindow.com/wininfo/regclean.htm> for download, install and operating instructions. The Windows Registry is a central hierarchical database used in Microsoft Windows 95, Microsoft Windows 98, Microsoft Windows CE, Microsoft Windows NT, and Microsoft Windows 2000 to store information necessary to configure the system for one or more users, applications and hardware devices. The Registry contains information that Windows continually references during operation, such as profiles for each user, the programs that are installed on the computer, and the types of documents that each program can create, property sheet settings for folders and program icons, what hardware is installed on the computer, and which ports are being used. The Registry replaces most of the text-based files that are used by MS-DOS and Windows 3.x, such as the Autoexec.bat and Config.sys files. Although the Windows Registry is common to several Windows platforms, certain differences exist between them. The Windows Registry is also referred to the System Registry. Although the Registry appears to be in one file, it is actually placed on your computer in two or possibly three files. These files are named System.dat, User.dat, and Policy.pol. The System.dat file records everything about the hardware that is installed in your computer. The User.dat file records everything that you have done to customize your Windows environment. The Policy.pol file records any restrictive policies that have been established for your computer, such as which individuals or groups are able to log on, and what programs on the computer are available for them to use. ==================================== 10. Install Anti-Virus Program and a Personal Firewall! I have been using a free anti-virus software product called InoculateIT from Computer Associates International, Inc. Unfortunately, I believe that free status just ended last week. You can download it at http://antivirus.cai.com . I have been using it for a couple of months, because it runs on Windows2000/NT, as well as Windows95/98/ME. It is super easy to update, all you do is click on a button and it goes and gets the latest signature files and updates them and/or the program files automatically. It works... it has already caught the latest LOVE BUG and another Word 97 Macro virus called Pri.A on my network. I recommend it highly. Also, for those of you running networks and a personal web server and/or who are hooked up to the internet almost continuously via cable modem or ADSL/DSL lines, then you may also be interested in another free software product called Zone Alarm. Download a free copy at http://www.zonealarm.com/ to set up a firewall/mailsafe system. I occasionally have a few minor problems running it on WindowsNT/2000, but my friends running it on Windows98 had none at all. It closes your open ports to hackers' scanning attacks. To see if you have any open ports use this website's excellent online, free test site: http://grc.com/ . If you can follow his technical instructions, you can follow his suggestions for closing your ports w/o using the Zone Alarm software. For power users, check out ZoneLog Analyzer shareware program at <http://www.zonelog.co.uk/>. To check your online connection's speed, use this online free test site: <http://computingcentral.msn.com/topics/bandwidth/speedtest.asp>. ===================================== 11. Update your Operating System! To automatically update your Windows operating system go to: http://windowsupdate.microsoft.com/ This site scans your PC and suggests upgrades to your operating system and browser. Very easy to use. To automatically update your Windows Office software go to: http://www.officeupdate.microsoft.com/ This site scans your PC and suggests upgrades to your operating system and browser. Very easy to use. Service Release 1 for Office 2000 just came out recently. ==================================== 12. Consider upgrading your hardware! Time is money. What is your time worth to you? $100 an hour? Hardware prices have come way down over the last year. I advise looking into upgrading your RAM, hard disk space, and your internet connection. If you spend $100 for more RAM, $200 for a bigger hard drive, and $50 a month for faster internet access, then that is $900 in a year. And if these improvements speed up the time it takes for you to get your work done and they save you nine hours of waiting for your PC or internet connection to finish the job, then you have broken even in a year. However, I would bet that they will save you dozens of hours over the course of a year, and therefore lots of time and money. ======================================= 13. Organize your surfing habits. Direct all of your downloads to the same folder, so that you can easily find them and delete them when necessary, or move them to zip disks for storage. Keep track of the programs that you install. For trial versions, note the date that they will expire on a calendar. This will remind you to uninstall the programs that you can no longer use rather than allowing them to clutter up your drive. Also, if you run into problems, keeping track of new downloaded and installed programs and the date they were installed can help you track down the cause of problems. Remember that the cleaner your hard drive is, the better your machine will respond! In order for your computer to be user friendly, it must have a friendly user. Be your computer's best friend and clean out the cobwebs regularly. ==================================== 14. Save and print this email for future reference! Now that you've got it clean, keep it that way. Perform this quick maintenance routine every week. For your work computer, Friday afternoon before you leave for the weekend is the perfect time. When you return to work on Monday, you'll have a computer that is clutter-free and as responsive as it should be. ====================================== 15. Steal this post! Feel free to pass this information on to others. Post it on your own web sites, and email it to friends. ======================================== [ 08-06-2001: Message edited by: blindseye ]
  5. Combat Mission attracts young and old, experienced and inexperienced computer users alike. Recently, I was disturbed to read a post about some of you receiving viruses causing damage to your systems and worms leaving your PC's vulnerable to hackers. Since may of us play games via emailed moves (PBEM), with multiple partners, we could easily and very quickly start infecting our friends' computers. Some of you made some good suggestions in reply to that 'cry for help' post, to help out the less fortunate. It made me realize that gamers, usually the cutting edge of knowledge about computers, may not all be wise to the ways of keeping their PC's safe and stable. Therefore, I am giving you all some free advice. That is what it is, and what it is worth. It is based on my own training, knowledge and experience over many years of working with computers, programming, working in IT, etc. Please practice safe computing, as the damage that virus programs can cause and the effective worm/zombie programs that hackers use to illegally access your system are increasing rapidly, especially with the increase of constantly-connected home computers bought about by the increasing use of ADSL and cable modems. Please find, pasted below, some advice about maintaining a stable Windows operating system. These are tricks that I have learned over the years, and that I am sure most of you have heard about before and probably, hopefully, practice anyway. This information is strictly to be used at your own risk. If you have questions or problems as a result of following any of these procedures, I will try to help you if you post here, but I make no promises. If you do not feel comfortable doing some or any of the below, then don't! Below are some basic maintenance tips that I have collected while working in IT over the years. You should perform these tasks as often as necessary to maintain peak performance on your computer, but no less than once a month. When instructions are given to type certain commands, be sure to type them EXACTLY! Remember, "/" is not the same as "\", and ";" is not the same as ":", etc. ============================ With the amount of information available for download on the internet, it's easy to quickly fill up your valuable hard drive space and turn your computer into a sluggish, unresponsive monster. Keeping your hard drive clean is essential to the high performance that the latest computers can achieve. Fortunately, it's a fairly simple process; one that can easily be performed on a regular basis and, with some organization, keep your computer running like a well-oiled machine. You can discover how much hard drive space is available on your computer by opening My Computer, and right clicking on each hard drive and selecting Properties. A pie graph will show you the amount of used and unused space for each of your drives. Any hard disk that is over half full will start to degrade your system's performance. Check this often to keep an idea of how much space you are using. ================================ 1. Before you start, back up your system! Below are some simple steps to clearing up your hard drive, but before you start, please do a complete back up of your system if you have the capability, or at least back up important files, email, address book, etc. Windows operating systems provide many ways to do the same thing, if you have a way to do any of the below that you are more comfortable using, then by all means use your method. The tips I provide below are fairly basic to Windows operating systems in general, but please realize that there are differences between various Windows operating systems (I use Windows2000), so if the instructions below do not exactly comport with your operating system, please do not proceed unless you know what you are doing. The quick way to make a backup is to open My Computer, right click on each hard drive in turn, select Properties, then select the Tools tab, then backup, then click the Backup Now button. Carefully read all the options to setup your backup, then run the backup and save the file to another medium, tape, ZIP drive, diskettes, etc. Since not everyone has this capability, then backup to your hard disk as a last resort. Make a folder called Backup, and save the backup file there. Each week, you can do an incremental backup to add new files to the backup archive file. If disaster does strike, you might be able to salvage your system from here. ============================ 2. Make an emergency repair or recovery diskette! While I am on the subject of backup, please make a bootable floppy diskette. While in the backup program, click on the Tools, Create an Emergency Repair Disk. Your anti-virus program usually also allows you to create bootable recovery diskette(s). Make them now, carefully label them, save them, and you will some day thank me! =============================== 3. Uninstall unused programs. Many times a new program will come along that looks fun to have or play with, but after a week or two you simply stop using it. These programs clutter up your drive and take up valuable space. You might be tempted to delete these programs from your drive, but doing so will cause problems. You must use the uninstall function of Windows for the program to be removed safely and completely. Use Start > Settings > Control Panel > Add/Remove Programs, browse through the list and uninstall what you are no longer using. =============================== 4. Clean out temporary files. When your computer is not shut down properly, it will pass information from memory into fragmented files. Also, while you are running programs, your computer will write information that it does not immediately need into temporary files. Installation files will also expand themselves into the temporary folder and will not always clean up after themselves. You can delete these temporary files safely by using the Disk Cleanup option in your System Tools folder, use Start > Programs > Accessories > System Tools, or use: Start > Search > For Files and Folders or Start > Find > Files > *.tmp <http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html>, *.gid <http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html>, *.chk <http://www.24hrsupport.org/maint.html> (You can copy and paste or type it just like that, all three separated by a comma and a space.) Click the first one in the list to highlight it, then hold down Control and press A. This will select all the items in the box. Now press Delete. Confirm. Occasionally, a file or two may be in use by Windows, and you will get an "Access Denied" error message. This is fine. Just skip those files. However, once you get that error, the deletion process will cease, and you will need to pick up where Windows left off. Remember to empty your Recycle Bin often. Notes: *.tmp: Temp files. These are automatically created when you print, download, or perform other routine tasks in Windows. *.gid: Graphic index for Help files. These are the "interface", if you will, of help files. They can be huge! Whenever you access a program's online help files and see "Preparing Help file for first use", a .gid file is being created. They will be automatically recreated if you ever open the Help file again. In the meantime, it's just another file that doesn't need to be defragged. *.chk: Check files. These are the files that Scandisk creates if you let it save lost clusters as files. Open them with WordPad or Notepad if you want to see what they contain, but 99% of the time it's just gibberish. For advanced users: When that's done, Start > Shut Down > Restart in DOS mode. You will see a prompt that looks like this: C:\WINDOWS>_ or perhaps like this: C:\>_ At this prompt, type deltree c:\windows\temp\ and press Enter or Return. You will be asked to confirm deletion of each subdirectory in \temp. Over time, this directory can become cluttered with all kinds of junk, from that .wav you listened to on a website six months ago to a leftover piece of a program installation. If you're uncomfortable deleting entire directories like this, just remember this: EVERYTHING in \temp should be absolutely safe to delete. In fact, if everything worked the way it was supposed to files would never stay in \temp. ============================ 5. Empty your internet cache. As you surf the internet your computer stores web pages and images into a temporary internet cache folder so that it can quickly recall and access information when you move back and forth between pages. This backup information can quickly add up and eat hard drive space. Whether you use Internet Explorer (our preference), Netscape, or one of the other browsers available, emptying out your cache is quick and easy. Simply follow the instructions in the Help files located within those programs. You may also wish to set a specific maximum file size for your cache folder, so that it is not allowed to run rampant (I use the lowest setting possible). If you use IE, then right click the Internet Explorer icon on your desktop and click Properties. Click the buttons to empty your History and Temporary Internet Files. Set the History folder to keep files for 7 days or less (personal preference as to the length of time, but 7 days should be way more than enough, I set mine at 5 and have set it as low as 2 before). If right clicking the IE icon and choosing Properties does not present you with the options I mentioned, then you likely only have a shortcut on your desktop and not "the" IE icon. No problem, just go to Start > Settings > Control Panel > Internet Options and you'll find the buttons. ============================= 6. Empty your mail programs of clutter. It's easy to browse through your email and leave old messages there, promising yourself you'll sort them out later. One or two messages don't take up much space, but hundreds certainly do. Take the time to sort through these old emails now and delete what is not important. Create folders and organize what is left. Make it a habit that when new emails come in, they are either filed immediately or thrown away. Everyone is using different email programs, we recommend Microsoft Outlook (not Outlook Express), so I cannot give specific instructions for the following advice, you will have to look it up in your Help files. Set your email program to empty your deleted items folder each time you close your mail program. Set up your email program to periodically archive old email messages at least once a quarter, if not once a month. ============================= 7. Empty your recycle bin. Once you've emptied your drive of cluttering, unnecessary programs; empty your recycle bin to remove what has been placed there in the process. ============================= 8. Scandisk/Checkdisk and Defrag. When Windows installs programs, it will put the files it needs anywhere that it finds free space, and not directly after the last program installed. As a result, your hard drive has patches of empty space on it that are not big enough to fit a full program, and will result in a drive space error if you attempt to install something new. Scandisk or Checkdisk your drive to check for lost file fragments and to fix any errors it finds, then Defrag to pack all of the program files together at the beginning of your drive. This will clear out those empty patches and move all of the free space you've just created to the end of your drive. Once the temp directory is emptied, run Checkdisk (WindowsNT/2000) or Scandisk (for Windows95/98 just type scandisk at the DOS prompt and press enter). A surface scan is really not necessary unless you're having major problems. It takes a long time, and I've rarely had any problems there. At the most, a surface scan could be done once every couple of months. The quick way to run first scandisk/checkdisk and then defrag is to open My Computer, right click on each hard drive in turn, select Properties, then select the Tools tab, then Error Checking, check both boxes under Check Disk Options and then do the same for the Defrag program. For advanced users: When you've finished running Scandisk/Checkdisk, close down all running programs (except Explorer and Systray). To do this, right click or double click on the icons in the lower right down by the clock, and click Exit, Close, Pause, etc. Task Scheduler should also be paused. Just right click the icon in your systray and choose Pause Task Scheduler. Next, turn off your screen saver. Right-click a blank area of your desktop, click Properties, Screen Saver tab, and set your screen saver to None. While in this screen, if you have not already done so in the past, you should set your desktop's Power Management settings to "Always On". Not only will this help Defrag's performance, it will also keep your desktop from refusing to "wake up". Under "Energy Saving Features", click Settings. Set "System Standby" and "Power off hard disks" each to Never. Having your monitor shut off after a certain amount of time is fine. Note that you should not do this if you are using a laptop. Now run Defrag. The default location is Start > Programs > Accessories > System Tools. This will probably take a long time, especially if it's been a while since it was last done. Once it's finished, reboot and be sure to re-enable your screen saver if you use one (I do not, as they frequently cause problems, I prefer to simply turn off my monitor when I walk away from my desk). ==================================== 9. Clean out your Windows Registry! Here is a handy Microsoft tool to clean up your registry file, I recommend using it. "What the heck is the Windows Registry?" you ask? See explanation pasted below. RegClean is very simple and can be backed out of if it causes any problems on your system. To date, I have used it many times with both my home and work systems and have never had any problems and it has cleaned out a lot of old, bad entries in my registry. See <http://www.createwindow.com/wininfo/regclean.htm> for download, install and operating instructions. The Windows Registry is a central hierarchical database used in Microsoft Windows 95, Microsoft Windows 98, Microsoft Windows CE, Microsoft Windows NT, and Microsoft Windows 2000 to store information necessary to configure the system for one or more users, applications and hardware devices. The Registry contains information that Windows continually references during operation, such as profiles for each user, the programs that are installed on the computer, and the types of documents that each program can create, property sheet settings for folders and program icons, what hardware is installed on the computer, and which ports are being used. The Registry replaces most of the text-based files that are used by MS-DOS and Windows 3.x, such as the Autoexec.bat and Config.sys files. Although the Windows Registry is common to several Windows platforms, certain differences exist between them. The Windows Registry is also referred to the System Registry. Although the Registry appears to be in one file, it is actually placed on your computer in two or possibly three files. These files are named System.dat, User.dat, and Policy.pol. The System.dat file records everything about the hardware that is installed in your computer. The User.dat file records everything that you have done to customize your Windows environment. The Policy.pol file records any restrictive policies that have been established for your computer, such as which individuals or groups are able to log on, and what programs on the computer are available for them to use. ==================================== 10. Install Anti-Virus Program and a Personal Firewall! I have been using a free anti-virus software product called InoculateIT from Computer Associates International, Inc. Unfortunately, I believe that free status just ended last week. You can download it at http://antivirus.cai.com . I have been using it for a couple of months, because it runs on Windows2000/NT, as well as Windows95/98/ME. It is super easy to update, all you do is click on a button and it goes and gets the latest signature files and updates them and/or the program files automatically. It works... it has already caught the latest LOVE BUG and another Word 97 Macro virus called Pri.A on my network. I recommend it highly. Also, for those of you running networks and a personal web server and/or who are hooked up to the internet almost continuously via cable modem or ADSL/DSL lines, then you may also be interested in another free software product called Zone Alarm. Download a free copy at http://www.zonealarm.com/ to set up a firewall/mailsafe system. I occasionally have a few minor problems running it on WindowsNT/2000, but my friends running it on Windows98 had none at all. It closes your open ports to hackers' scanning attacks. To see if you have any open ports use this website's excellent online, free test site: http://grc.com/ . If you can follow his technical instructions, you can follow his suggestions for closing your ports w/o using the Zone Alarm software. For power users, check out ZoneLog Analyzer shareware program at <http://www.zonelog.co.uk/>. To check your online connection's speed, use this online free test site: <http://computingcentral.msn.com/topics/bandwidth/speedtest.asp>. ===================================== 11. Update your Operating System! To automatically update your Windows operating system go to: http://windowsupdate.microsoft.com/ This site scans your PC and suggests upgrades to your operating system and browser. Very easy to use. To automatically update your Windows Office software go to: http://www.officeupdate.microsoft.com/ This site scans your PC and suggests upgrades to your operating system and browser. Very easy to use. Service Release 1 for Office 2000 just came out recently. ==================================== 12. Consider upgrading your hardware! Time is money. What is your time worth to you? $100 an hour? Hardware prices have come way down over the last year. I advise looking into upgrading your RAM, hard disk space, and your internet connection. If you spend $100 for more RAM, $200 for a bigger hard drive, and $50 a month for faster internet access, then that is $900 in a year. And if these improvements speed up the time it takes for you to get your work done and they save you nine hours of waiting for your PC or internet connection to finish the job, then you have broken even in a year. However, I would bet that they will save you dozens of hours over the course of a year, and therefore lots of time and money. ======================================= 13. Organize your surfing habits. Direct all of your downloads to the same folder, so that you can easily find them and delete them when necessary, or move them to zip disks for storage. Keep track of the programs that you install. For trial versions, note the date that they will expire on a calendar. This will remind you to uninstall the programs that you can no longer use rather than allowing them to clutter up your drive. Also, if you run into problems, keeping track of new downloaded and installed programs and the date they were installed can help you track down the cause of problems. Remember that the cleaner your hard drive is, the better your machine will respond! In order for your computer to be user friendly, it must have a friendly user. Be your computer's best friend and clean out the cobwebs regularly. ==================================== 14. Save and print this email for future reference! Now that you've got it clean, keep it that way. Perform this quick maintenance routine every week. For your work computer, Friday afternoon before you leave for the weekend is the perfect time. When you return to work on Monday, you'll have a computer that is clutter-free and as responsive as it should be. ====================================== 15. Steal this post! Feel free to pass this information on to others. Post it on your own web sites, and email it to friends. ========================================
  6. All, I gotta say (looking at the photo above) is "Man, that has gotta hurt your ear!" :eek:
  7. I have been experimenting with half squads for only my last couple of games with only mixed results. The first time with large American squads, it worked well, they scouted ahead until contact with the enemy, who then tried to use artillery and mortar fire to suppress and destroy where he thought my platoons were hiding, but I had withdrawn my half squad back and rejoined it with its twin, and brought up the rest of the platoon, when he advanced his infantry into my ambushes. However, when I tried if with smaller Brit airborne squads, the half squads could not hold out long enough against German sub machine squads to rejoin their brethen. So I recommend if you are going to try and use half squads for recon, that you only do it with large squads with a lot of men, US is best with 12 men in a squad.
  8. Depends on how good the opponent is, frequently with a really good opponent, it is a fight for every meter, right down to the final turn. When that happens, almost all units take casualties and bodies litter the landscape.
  9. You've heard the old line about "No Pain, No Gain"? Here's my slogan, "No Pain, No Pain." Also, a half mile is nice, but what if the Germans make you run a mile, or a marathon?
  10. Guys I have a whole list of inexpensive or free programs that you can use to protect your PC's from worms and viruses. Unfortunately, it is at work. On Monday, I will try to remember to post it here, along with an extensive list of tips for running your PC at maximum potential (I am an IT nerd, sorry). But for now, based on memory, try the below: For the power users that understand that Zone Alarm is a personal fire wall program and not an anti-virus program (you need to use both), try the $10 Zone Log program from http://zonelog.co.uk/, it reads the Zone Alarm log file and really lets you see what is happening and who is attacking your PC. If you use Windows 2000 and/or you are online for extended periods of time, especially with an ADSL or a cable modem, then you should be using a personal fire wall to stop worms from adding zombie bots to your PC's. Zombie bots allow hackers to take control of your PC and use it for their own wishes, usually to set up massive denial of service attacks on their victims, and you may not even notice that your PC is being used by them to bounce their attacks off of! Get the free version of Zone Alarm (it is way better than Black Ice Defender) immediately if you do not have it, better yet buy the Pro version, it is well worth the cost. See www.zonelabs.com The best site around to read up about this sort of stuff (and to test to see if you have any open ports that hackers can take advantage of) is Gibson Research Corporation at www.grc.com. I used to recommend a free anti virus program called InnoculateIT from CAI, but they went commercial with it a few weeks ago. They are still supporting the free version if you can track it down on the net. See http://www.yippee.net/html/win/utilities/title12620.htm and get it while you can if it is still available. Also, if that doesn't pan out, try http://www.pcnineoneone.com/downloads/security.html for the free Anti-Virus software. Also, go to http://www.antivirus.com and you can check your system for free. Also, if your system is messed up, track down the Microsoft program called RegClean.exe, and run it. It will fix all the bad entries in your Registery Files, and create a text file allowing you to go back to the way they were if there are any new problems. However, in my experience this program no longer has any bugs and is safe to run against WIn95, 98, ME and 2000. Here is THE page to learn how to install and run it, it is dirt simple, do it ASAP: http://www.createwindow.com/wininfo/regclean.htm
  11. If it is not too late, before you start, make a duplicate copy of your bmp folder. I usually name my bmp_lo_res and bmp_hi_res and switch back and forth depending on the size of the game and if it is bogging down. I now have a bmp_med_res with all the mods except the terrain mods, becuz they require a ton of resources. If you have already started to paste mod bmp files into your bmp folder, do not worry, it is not too late, as you can simply copy the bmp folder off of the CD to use as the bmp_lo_res folder. Same goes for the wav folder and files. Have fun. [ 08-05-2001: Message edited by: blindseye ]
  12. I have never noticed that it makes a difference. Spotting seems to me to be 360 degrees, but I could be wrong, that is just my observation.
  13. Thanks for the tips guys, I will try them out next time!
  14. Thanks Maximus. After sitting on TOP of the anti-Tank mine field for two turns with no results my engineers then came under fire and were forced to flee of the road. But then my opponent surrendered, so I never had a chance to go back a learn/try to clear the mines. So I appreciate the reply.
  15. Do I just walk the Engineers onto the mine field? Won't they get blown up? SHould I put them near or on top of the mine field? Is there a "clear mine field" command if they are close enough to an mine field? I have actually never had to do this before but my current opponent has blocked the only road with an anti-tank mine field and I have to clear it to proceed. I posted in tip and tricks, but no one has replied and I can't find my manual after moving.
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